山东省滕州市荆泉水源地岩溶塌陷调查研究

Study on Karst Collapse in Jingquan Water Source Area in Shandong Province

针对山东省滕州市城市供水水源地——荆泉水源地及周围区域在2015年以来发生的多处岩溶塌陷情况,进行现场勘测,并就调查情况进行分析,总结了研究区的岩溶塌陷时空分布规律和形态特征等,该区岩溶塌陷主要发生在地势相对低洼,距河流较近的农田或村庄道路;发生时间一般是枯水期至丰水期之间和丰水期后的地下水位变化剧烈期。该区发生岩溶塌陷的主要原因是过量开采岩溶水,诱发因素有农田灌溉和降水,对该区域的岩溶塌陷灾害运用层次分析法进行易发性评价,并针对调查情况提出了控制规划地下水资源开采量,采取应急预防和监测预警措施的相应防治措施。

In this paper, in view of karst collapses happened in Jingquan water source and surrounding area in Tengzhou city in Shandong province from 2015, field survey has been conducted, and the investigation has been analyzed. The spatial and temporal distribution laws and morphological characteristics of karst collapses in the study area have been summarized. The karst collapses mainly occurred in the farmland or village roads with relatively low-lying terrain and close to the river. The occurrence time is generally between dry season and wet season and after the wet season when the groundwater level changes sharply. The main cause of karst collapse has been analyzed. The main cause of karst collapse in this area is the excessive exploitation of karst water, and the inducing factors are farmland irrigation and precipitation. The AHP is used to evaluate the vulnerability of karst collapse disasters in this area. In view of investigation, the control and planning of groundwater resources exploitation, corresponding prevention measures for emergency prevention and monitoring and early warning measures have been put forward.