楼宇分布式能源项目天然气气价机制研究

Natural-gas pricing mechanism on building-distributed energy projects

楼宇式分布式能源项目作为新兴的综合能源项目受到广泛关注。为了确定楼宇式分布式能源项目天然气合理定价,以5×10^(4)~50×10^(4)m^(2)不同供能面积的楼宇分布式能源项目为研究对象,建立三联供装机及设备运行模型,分析分布式能源项目运行成本;按年平均运行成本相等的原则,以传统供能方式(锅炉+电空调)运行成本测算分布式能源项目需求端可接受天然气气价边界,同时基于扩销增效、利益共享原则,提出不同规模用户天然气阶梯气价的定价策略。研究结果表明:①在目前气/电价格比不理想状态下,终端天然气公司应从节能减排角度出发,积极引导和协调政府出台政策支持,争取财税补贴支持,从而拓展天然气消费市场新领域;②开展分布式能源项目推广策略分析。终端天然气公司可以提前介入跟踪商业综合体等中大型楼宇用气项目,重点关注供能面积大于10×10^(4)m^(2)且冷热电用能稳定的新建医院、商业和办公综合体,按阶梯计价机制,定向施策推广分布式能源项目。

Building-distributed energy projects as emerging and comprehensive ones attract more extensive atten⁃tion.To set a reasonable natural-gas price for these projects,one building-distributed energy project with differ⁃ent energy-supply areas varying from 5×10^(4)m^(2)to 50×10^(4)m^(2)was taken as an example to develop a model on cogeneration cooling,heating,and power installation and equipment operation.Furthermore,an acceptable bound⁃ary gas price at the demand side was calculated according to operation cost,and thus the price strategy at the sales side was formulated.Results show that(1)at present,for sake of unsatisfactory gas/power price ratio,all terminal natural-gas companies shall focus on saving energy and reducing emission,seek certain policy support promulgated from local government,strive for fiscal and tax subsidies,and further expand new domain in a natu⁃ral-gas consumption market;(2)building-distributed energy projects shall be popularized.And these terminal com⁃panies may advance participating in and track the gas consumption projects on middle-to large-sized buildings such as commercial complex,concentrate the newly built hospitals as well as commercial and office complexes with the energy-supply area over 10×10^(4)m^(2)and stable energy consumption for cooling,heating,and power,and promote these projects in an orderly way according to differential pricing mechanism.