青海高原地区高危人群HIV和梅毒螺旋体的筛查结果分析

Analysis of Screening Results of HIV and Treponema Pallidum among High-risk Groups in Qinghai Plateau

目的探讨青海高原地区高危人群全血采集前人类免疫缺陷病毒(Human Immunodificiency Virus,HIV)和梅毒螺旋体的筛查意义。方法回顾性选择2021年3月~2022年1月在青海省玉树市人民医进行人类免疫缺陷病毒和梅毒螺旋体筛查的高原地区高危人群170例作为研究对象,所有人群都给予人类免疫缺陷病毒和梅毒螺旋体检测,调查人群的一般资料并进行影响因素分析。结果在170例高危人群中,确诊为人类免疫缺陷病毒阳性34例,占20.0%;确诊为梅毒螺旋体阳性42例,占24.7%;其中人类免疫缺陷病毒和梅毒螺旋体合并阳性14例,占8.2%。人类免疫缺陷病毒阳性人群的受教育年限、收入来源、人群类型、性病知信行状况、性别等与阴性人群对比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。梅毒螺旋体阳性人群的受教育年限、收入来源、性病知信行状况、年龄等与阴性人群对比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析显示受教育年限、收入来源、人群类型、性病知信行状况为导致人类免疫缺陷病毒阳性的重要因素(P<0.05),受教育年限、收入来源、性病知信行状况、年龄为导致梅毒螺旋体阳性的重要因素(P<0.05)。结论青海高原地区高危人群全血采集前人类免疫缺陷病毒和梅毒螺旋体阳性率比较高,且存在合并感染情况,受教育年限、收入来源、性病知信行状况等为导致高原地区高危人群全血采集前人类免疫缺陷病毒和梅毒螺旋体阳性的重要危险因素。

Objective To explore the significance of screening for human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)and Treponema pallidum before whole blood collection in high-risk population in Qinghai Plateau.Methods A retrospective analysis method was used.From March 2021 to January 2022,170 cases of high-risk populations in plateau areas who were screened for HIV and Treponema pallidum in our hospital were selected as the research objects.All the populations were given HIV and Treponema pallidum test,general information of the population and analysis of influencing factors.Results In the 170 cases,there were 34 cases were diagnosed as HIV-positive,accounted for 20.0%.there were 42 cases diagnosed with Treponema pallidum positive,accountedg for 24.7%;among them,14 cases were combined positive for HIV and Treponema pallidum,accounted for 8.2%.There were significant differences in years of education,income sources,population types,STD knowledge,belief,behavior,and gender comapred between the HIV-positive population and the negative population(P<0.05).There were signifi cant diff erences in years of education,income sources,STD knowledge,belief,behavior,age,etc.compared between the Treponema pallidum positive population and the negative population(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that years of education,source of income,population type,and STD knowledge,belief,and behavior were the important factors leaded to HIV positive(P<0.05).Signifi cant factor of spirochete positive(P<0.05).Conclusion TThe positive rate of human immunodefi ciency virus and Treponema pallidum before whole blood collection from high-risk groups in Qinghai Plateau is relatively high,and there are co-infections.Years of education,source of income,knowledge,belief,and behavior of STDs in high-risk groups in high-risk groups before whole blood collection in plateau areas Important risk factors for immunodefi ciency virus and Treponema pallidum positivity.