黄河流域城市生态化建设水平空间格局与障碍因子分析

Spatial pattern and obstacle factor analysis of urban ecological construction level in the Yellow River Basin

城市生态化建设作为流域可持续发展重要途径是人地耦合与高质量发展的重要研究内容。本文旨将宏观的生态城市建设转型为落地性更强的城市生态化建设,通过构建经济、环境、社会、文化及空间生态化五位一体的理论框架,运用主客观赋权法、ESDA、障碍因子诊断模型等研究方法,探究城市生态化建设的空间格局特征和多维提升路径。结果表明:(1)黄河流域城市生态化建设总体上呈现“多中心”的空间分异格局,且呈显著的“中心—外围”逐渐递减的空间分布态势;(2)从空间关联格局来看,高—高集聚区和低—低集聚区具有明显的空间集聚,高—高显著集聚区主要分布在山东省及其邻近地区,低—低显著集聚区主要分布在宁夏回族自治区中南部;(3)从不同城市规模、职能类型、空间载体、流域位置的城市生态化建设特征来看,城市生态化建设水平与城市规模等级成正比,职能综合城市、发育程度高的山东半岛城市群、优先开发地区的华北平原、黄河流域下游及右岸的城市生态化建设水平相对更高;(4)不同类型城市的生态化建设障碍因子存在明显差异,总体上黄河流域城市生态化建设的障碍因子主要是人均水资源总量、单位GDP能源消费量、研发(R&D)投入占财政支出比重、每万人公共图书馆藏书量及土地利用效率等。未来城市生态化建设应立足城市自身发展状况,因地制宜地提升城市生态化建设水平,建设高质量生态城市。

Background,aim,and scope Urban ecological construction is an essential part of human-land coupling and high-quality development research for watershed sustainable development.Although the current research index system has covered various aspects,such as society,economy,and environment,the connotation of the index has been too broad,which is difficult to apply in specific planning management and design practice.The purpose of this paper is to transform the macro ecological city construction into a more practical urban ecological construction.Materials and methods To explore the spatial pattern characteristics and multi-dimensional upgrading path of urban ecological construction,such as subjective and objective empowerment,ESDA,and obstacle factor diagnosis model,were applied by constructing the economic,environmental,social,cultural,and ecological space of five integrated theoretical frameworks.Results(1)The ecological construction of cities along the Yellow River Basin presents the spatial differentiation pattern of“multi-center”,and shows a significant spatial distribution trend of“center-periphery”.(2)Based on the spatial correlation map,High—High(H—H)and Low—Low(L—L)have an obvious spatial agglomeration pattern.(3)The comprehensive functions of the city,degree of development of the Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration,priority of development areas of the North China Plain and the downstream of the Yellow River Basin,and right bank of the urban ecological construction level are relatively higher.(4)The main obstacles to urban ecological construction in the Yellow River Basin are the average industrial output values,the number of college students per 10000 people,the total water resources per capita,the living area per capita,the proportion of cultural and related industries in GDP,and the land use efficiency.Discussion Based on the concept of ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin,this paper analyzed the spatial pattern characteristics of different types of urban ecological constructions.On different types of urban ecological constructions in the Yellow River comprehensive score and its spatial distribution,the embryo development stages of Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration,Ningxia urban agglomeration along the Yellow River and Lanzhou-Xining urban agglomeration,economic levels significantly improve the quality of livelihood,red line but the ecological protection and environmental quality do not significantly improve and need to be improved to achieve the high-quality ecological threshold.Further,revealing the cultural resources along the Yellow River Basin effectively improves the cultural quality of the urban agglomeration of the Yellow River Basin under required high-quality development.Conclusions According to the obstacles of different urban ecological construction,various strategies should be formulated according to local conditions to effectively promote the development of the upper and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin and the left and right banks in different aspects,such as economy,society,environment,culture,and space.Recommendations and perspectives There are obvious differences in the obstacles to ecological construction in different types of cities.In the future,urban ecological construction should factor the development status of the city,the level of urban ecological construction should be improved according to the local conditions,and a highquality ecological city should be built.