澳大利亚高中阶段普职融通:推进历程、基本特征及现实启示

Development,basic characteristics and enlightenment of integration of general education and vocational education in Australian senior high schools

20世纪后期,为适应社会经济发展的需要,解决高中阶段高辍学率等问题,澳大利亚在高中阶段开展了普职融通的实践探索,并取得了显著成效。梳理澳大利亚高中阶段普职融通的推进历程,可以发现其具有系统完善的顶层设计、互通互认的国家资格框架、多元参与的推进机制、多样融通的课程设置等鲜明特征。澳大利亚普职融通实施的成功经验之于我国的主要启示是:建立统一的国家资格框架,寻求普职等值;构建多元参与的办学格局,形成普职融通推进合力;丰富优化课程体系,加强普职课程渗透。

Practical exploration of integration in general education and vocational education in senior high school has been actively carried out in Australia in order to meet the needs of social and economic development as well as to lower the high dropout rates and remarkable results has been achieved since the late 20th century.Unique characteristics could be found in the development process of general and vocational integration in Australia′s senior high schools,such as scientific and perfect top-level design,mutual recognition of national qualifications framework,multiple participation promotion mechanism,diverse and interactive curriculum.The main enlightenment of the successful experience of the implementation of general education and vocational education in Australia to our country is as follows:seeking a common equivalent by establishing a unified national qualifications framework,building a multi-participating school-running pattern,and form a common force to promote the joint efforts,enriching the curriculum system,strengthen the methods and ways of infiltration of the general curriculum.