亲密关系视角下老挝乡村的情义共同体

A Study on Community of Ties of Frienship in Rural Laos from the Perspective of Intimacy

自20世纪末传统亲属研究经历广泛批评后,亲密关系研究逐步成为焦点,并为重新理解以传统亲属关系为中心的东南亚乡村共同体提供了新的分析视角。基于老挝乡村的民族志材料发现,以朋友为代表的亲密关系实践成为理解乡村共同体社会关系再生产的关键:一方面,乡村亲属关系包含私密情感与公共情感的融通过程,具体表现为友人网络中“哈格”之情的公共化转变;另一方面,通过家庭关系中友人参与的“尼塞”评价,公共道义又重新向家庭伦理回归并协助亲属关系的再生产。由此,以亲密关系实践为中心的东南亚乡村实际形成了一种乡村情义共同体。这种情义共同体是一种实践中的社会关系网络,既包含传统亲属关系的互动,同时也为在现代化发展中吸纳外部政治经济关系变化提供了维系共同体发展的内生动力。

Since the widespread criticism of traditional kinship studies in the late 20th century,the study of intimacy has gradually become the focus and has provided a new analytical perspective for re-understanding the traditional kinship-centered rural community in Southeast Asia.Based on the ethnographic material of Lao villages,it is found that the practice of intimacy represented by friends has become the key to understanding the reproduction of social relations in rural communities.On the one hand,rural kinship includes the process of integration of private and public emotions,which is embodied in the public transformation of“Hager”in the network of friends.On the other hand,through the“NeeSai”evaluation of the participation of friends in family relations,public morality returns to the family ethic and assists in the reproduction of kinship.As a result,the Southeast Asian countryside centered on the practice of intimacy has actually formed a community of ties of friendship,which is a network of social relations in practice that includes the interaction of traditional kinship relationship,but also provides the endogenous dynamics that sustains the development of the community by absorbing changes from external political and economic relations in modern development.