姜蒜种质资源研究现状及发展建议

Research Status and Development Suggestions for Ginger and Garlic Germplasm Resources

姜蒜是重要的调味品蔬菜,药食兼用,在调解人们的膳食结构、营养平衡和保健中具有重要价值。姜蒜也是我国重要的出口创汇蔬菜。姜蒜种质资源是生姜和大蒜科技创新、育种和种业可持续发展的重要保障和物质基础。本文从姜蒜种质资源收集与保存、鉴定与评价、优异基因源挖掘、创新与利用等方面研究的现状进行论述和分析。可以看出,世界各国非常重视姜蒜种质资源的收集,并开展了安全保存技术研究。我国姜蒜种质资源遗传多样性丰富,在资源鉴定评价、创新利用和优异基因源挖掘利用上取得了一定研究进展,但相关的研究工作起步较晚,与国际发达国家相比,我国姜蒜种质资源研究的深度和广度均有待加强。同时,通过分析我国姜蒜种质资源研究存在的主要问题,提出了相应的发展建议。

Ginger(Zingiber officinale Rosc.)and garlic(Allium sativum L.)are important condiments and vegetables,and both can be used as medicine and food.They are of great value in mediating people′s dietary structure,nutritional balance and health care.Ginger and garlic in China are also important vegetables for export.Ginger and garlic germplasm resources are important for the scientific studies and technological innovations that substantially support these breeding and sustainable development of industries.This article reviews the research status of ginger and garlic germplasm resources from the aspects of collection and preservation,identification and evaluation,excellent genes mining,innovation and utilization.Many countries in the world,especially for the developed countries,were found to pay great attention to the collection,preservation and evaluation of ginger and garlic resources.Although China is rich in ginger and garlic germplasm resources,the academic research starts late and remains preliminary if compared to that of developed countries.In addition,this review analyzes the problems in the research of ginger and garlic germplasm resources and provides the corresponding strategies and suggestions addressing to these problems.