胡萝卜根色及其色素组分的遗传和育种研究进展

Current Advances on Inheritance and Breeding of Carrot Root Color and Its Pigment Components

胡萝卜作为世界十大蔬菜作物之一,是人类重要的维生素A源。我国是胡萝卜主要生产国,拥有丰富的地方胡萝卜种质资源,包含橘色、红色、黄色和紫色等不同类型。多样根色的胡萝卜种质不仅是研究类胡萝卜素、花青素等合成与代谢调控的有利材料,也是胡萝卜起源和驯化研究的重要资源。本文梳理了不同根色胡萝卜的驯化历史和主要色素组分,综述了调控胡萝卜肉质根中类胡萝卜素、花青素积累的遗传位点、基因及其功能研究进展,介绍了不同根色品种的用途和选育方法,并对胡萝卜根色性状今后的研究内容和方向作了展望,以期为胡萝卜根色的调控机理研究和不同根色品种的选育提供依据。

Carrot(Daucus carota L.),which is one of the top-ten ranking vegetable crops in the world,is an important source of vitamin A in human diets.China is a major producer of carrot and has rich carrot landraces with colors(i.e.orange,red,yellow and purple).The carrot germplasm resources with diverse root colors enabled deciphering the regulation mechanisms of the synthesis and metabolism of carotenoids and anthocyanins,and the origin and domestication of carrot.This article outlined the domestication history and major pigment components of carrot with different root colors,reviewed the research progress of genetic loci and functional genes modulating the accumulation of carotenoids and anthocyanins in carrot roots,introduced the uses and breeding methods of varieties with different root colors,as well as provided prospects in future research of carrot root color traits,thus serving as a basis for understanding the regulation mechanisms of carrot root color and breeding with colorful varieties.