平凉市成人大骨节病患者现状调查分析

Investigation and analysis of the current situation of adult Kashin-Beck disease patients in Pingliang City

目的调查分析平凉市成人大骨节病患者现状,为开展大骨节病患者分类救治提供科学依据。方法2018—2019年,在全市6个大骨节病县(市、区),以病区村为单位开展成人大骨节病个案调查,通过临床和X线检查,调查患者基本信息、病情状况、临床诊断分度等。结果共调查确诊成人大骨节病患者6269例,男性3722例占59.37%,女性2547例占40.63%,男女之比1∶0.68;患者以50岁以上86.57%(5427例)、农民93.21%(5843例)、小学及以下文化程度83.04%(5206例)为主;临床分度Ⅰ度、Ⅱ度、Ⅲ度患者分别占78.00%(4890例)、15.89%(996例)、6.11%(383例);患者临床体征以多个部位关节增粗变形、疼痛为主,关节增粗变形、疼痛多见于指关节、踝关节、膝关节,增粗变形分别占99.87%(6261例)、89.50%(5611例)、76.49%(4795例),疼痛分别占96.76%(6066例)、85.64%(5369例)、80.79%(5065例);92.68%(5810例)的患者有关节休息痛,83.60%(5241例)的患者有关节运动痛,79.12%(4960例)的患者有关节晨僵,67.46%(4229例)的患者四肢活动功能受限并出现疼痛,30.69%(1924例)的患者出现四肢肌肉萎缩,19.17%(1202例)患者导致不同程度残疾。结论平凉市成人大骨节病患者病情较重,患者生存质量低下,应提高对成人大骨节病患者的重视程度,加强康复干预措施,改善和提高患者的生存质量。

Objective To investigate and analyze the current situation of adult Kashin-Beck disease(KBD)patients in Pingliang City,and to provide scientific basis for the classification and treatment of KBD patients.Methods From 2018 to 2019,in the 6 KBD counties(urban areas),an investigation of adult KBD cases was carried out with ward villages as units.Through clinical and X-ray examinations,the basic information of patients,disease status,and clinical diagnosis grades were investigated.Results A total of 6269 confirmed adult KBD patients were investigated,with 3722 males accounting for 59.37%and 2547 females accounting for 40.63%,with a male-to-female ratio of 1∶0.68;The patients were mainly 86.57%(5427 cases)over 50 years old,93.21%(5843 cases)farmers,and 83.04%(5206 cases)with primary school education and below;The patients with clinical gradeⅠ,gradeⅡand gradeⅢaccounted for 78.00%(4890 cases),15.89%(996 cases)and 6.11%(383 cases),respectively;The clinical signs of patients were mainly joint thickening,deformation and pain in multiple parts.Joint thickening,deformation and pain were more common in finger joints,ankle joints and knee joints.Thickening and deformation accounted for 99.87%(6261 cases)and 89.50%(5611 cases),respectively;76.49%(4795 cases),and pain accounted for 96.76%(6066 cases),85.64%(5369 cases),and 80.79%(5065 cases),respectively;92.68%(5810 cases)had joint pain at rest,83.60%(5241 cases)had joint movement pain,79.12%(4960 cases)had morning stiffness,and 67.46%(4229 cases)had limb movement function.Restricted and experienced pain,30.69%(1924 cases)of patients had muscle atrophy of limbs,and 19.17%(1202 cases)of patients had varying degrees of disability.Conclusion Adult patients with KBD in Pingliang City are seriously ill and have poor quality of life.More attention should be paid to adult patients with KBD,and rehabilitation interventions should be strengthened to improve the quality of life of patients.