孕期摄入辛辣食物对剖宫产妇术后睡眠质量的影响

Effects of long-term consumption of spicy food during pregnancy on postoperative sleep quality in women after cesarean section

目的探讨孕期摄入辛辣食物与剖宫产术后睡眠质量的关系,为术后早期康复提供参考。方法回顾性纳入2018年5月-2019年5月在我院行择期剖宫产术的临床病例共332例,根据孕期吃辣频率将患者分为吃辣频率<2 d/周组(A组)和吃辣频率≥2 d/周组(B组),分别采用倾向评分匹配、Logistic回归和亚组分析不同吃辣频率对剖宫产术后重度睡眠障碍的影响。结果通过倾向评分匹配均衡混杂因素后,两组各有114例患者纳入分析。结果显示,B组术后当晚睡眠障碍、重度睡眠障碍发生率分别为83.3%、26.3%,均高于A组的70.2%、7.9%(P<0.05)。A组和B组在术后24 h肛门排气率分别为34.2%、15.8%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析表明,孕期高频率摄入辛辣食物(OR=3.310,95%CI:1.550~7.068,P=0.002)是剖宫产术后当晚发生重度睡眠障碍的独立危险因素。亚组分析结果显示,初次剖宫产、二次剖宫产、既往剖宫产次数≥2次的产妇在B组的术后当晚重度睡眠障碍发生率均高于A组(22.1%vs 7.7%,P=0.139;20.1%vs 8.0%,P=0.014;37.5%vs 12.5%,P=0.569)。结论孕期高频率摄入辛辣食物可能与产妇剖宫产术后睡眠障碍有关。

Objective To explore the relationship between spicy food intake during pregnancy and sleep quality after cesarean section(CS)in order to provide reference for early postoperative recovery.Methods A total of 332 clinical cases who underwent elective CS in our hospital from May 2018 to May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the frequency of spicy food consumption during pregnancy,the patients were divided into the frequency of spicy food consumption<2 days/week(group A)and frequency of≥2 days/week(group B).Propensity score matching(PSM),logistic regression and subgroup analysis were used to analyze the effects of different frequency of spicy food consumption on severe sleep disorders after CS.Results After confound adjustment by PSM,114 patients in each group were included in the analysis.The results showed that the incidences of sleep disorders and severe sleep disorders on the night after surgery were 83.3%and 26.3%respectively,in group B,which were higher than those in group A(70.2%and 7.9%,P<0.05).The anal exhaust rate in the first 24 h after operation was 34.2%and 15.8%in group A and group B(P<0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis showed that high-frequency of spicy food intake during pregnancy(OR=3.310,95%CI:1.550~7.068,P=0.002)was an independent risk factor for severe sleep disorders on the night after CS.The results of subgroup analysis indicated that the incidence of severe sleep disturbance on the night after CS was higher in group B than group A for the first CS,the second CS,and the previous CS≥2 times(22.1%vs 7.7%,P=0.139;20.1%vs 8.0%,P=0.014;37.5%vs 12.5%,P=0.569).Conclusion High frequency of spicy food consumption during pregnancy may be related to the sleep disorders after CS.