广域民俗志的学术评估和书写判断--以《浙江通志·民俗志》《陕西省志·民俗志》为例

An Academic Evaluation and Judgement of Wide-Area Folk Customs Records:A Case Study of the Folk Customs Records of Zhejiang General Records and the Folk Customs Records of Shaanxi Provincial Records

通过对《浙江通志·民俗志》与《陕西省志·民俗志》的比较分析,探讨广域会通型志书社会部类/民俗版块的编纂问题,并对《浙江通志·民俗志》作出学术评估和书写判断;指出民俗记述以普通民众为对象,有民俗事像和民俗事物的不同内涵,而对社会习俗的著录,关键在于对民俗事像的系统反映;强调民俗区域划分的重要性,主张省级广域民俗志书应擘画设置民俗区划图。作者对于历史民俗和现实民俗、文化视角和社会视角做了明晰的畛域划分,认为民俗志的编写,最关键的是记录经验世界的鲜活民俗。文章还探讨了民俗书写的话语方式和概念内涵,提出了钩沉民俗话语中私密话语的命题。

This article conducts a comparative analysis of theFolk Customs Records of Zhejiang General Records and the Folk Customs RecordsofShaanxi Provincial Records, discusses the issues of compiling the social category(folk customs section) of wide-area comprehensive-style local records, and makes an academic evaluation and judgment of the Folk Customs RecordsofZhejiang General Records. It reveals that such recording, centering on ordinary people, includes both events and objects of folk customs, and that what is crucial is to systematically reflect the events. It emphasizes the importance of separating regions of folk customs and advocates the planning and establishment of maps of folk customs regions in provincial local records. The author makes clear division between historical and contemporary folk customs, and between cultural and social perspectives, proposing that the most crucial part of folk customs records compilation is the recording of fresh and live folk customs of the empirical world. The article also discusses the mode of discourse and concepts and connotations of folk customs recording and raises the question of including private discourses in folk customs records.