嘌呤能信号和胞外核苷酸酶在疲劳中的作用及机制研究进展

Role and mechanism of purinergic signaling and ecto-nucleotidase in fatigue:research progress

疲劳是一种主观不适感,往往表现为多样的躯体和精神主诉;其不仅可发展为独立的疾病,也可作为多种疾病的症状,严重降低人们的生活质量。疲劳的发病机制复杂,近年来,中枢和外周神经递质水平改变和能量代谢异常被认为是其主要原因。ATP等嘌呤物质在细胞内主要参与躯体能量需求过程,而在细胞外则作为重要信号分子参与有效神经传递、神经元-胶质细胞相互作用、免疫反应和控制等,在疲劳研究中受到广泛关注。胞外ATP代谢进一步以浓度依赖的方式激活P1受体和P2受体,而胞外核苷酸酶通过释放受体配体控制嘌呤物质浓度,以终止或促进嘌呤信号通路。本文对嘌呤能信号和胞外核苷酸酶协同影响疲劳感受与发展的研究进展进行总结归纳,为疲劳发病机制的进一步研究及疲劳的有效防治提供依据。

Fatigue is a subjective discomfort,often manifested in a variety of physical and mental complaints.It can not only develop into an independent disease,but also is a symptom of a variety of diseases,seriously reducing people’s quality of life.The pathogenesis of fatigue is complex.In recent years,the changes of central and peripheral neurotransmitter levels and abnormal energy metabolism are considered to be the main causes.Purine substances such as adenosine triphosphate(ATP)are mainly involved in the process of somatic energy demand in cells,and as important signal molecules,they participate in effective neurotransmission,neuron-glial interaction,immune response and control outside cells.They have attracted extensive attention in fatigue research.Extracellular ATP metabolism further activates P1 and P2 receptors in a concentration dependent manner,while ecto-nucleotidases control the concentration of purine substances by releasing receptor ligands to terminate or promote purine signaling pathway.This paper summarizes the synergistic effects of purinergic signaling and ecto-nucleotidases on the perception and development of fatigue,so as to provide a basis for further research on the pathogenesis and effective treatment of fatigue.