天津市中心城区昼夜空间活力特征及影响要素研究

Study on the Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Diurnal Spatial Vitality in the Central Urban Area of Tianjin

随着夜间经济成为城市经济活力的重要补充,城市昼夜空间活力模式的差异就显得尤为突出。基于社会感知理论,利用昼夜人口空间分布表征城市活力时空特征,依托百度热力图构建空间活力指数,并按照活力等级分析昼夜活力格局;将空间单元的开发强度、功能特征、可达性、生态品质4个方面指标与空间活力指数进行回归,解析造成城市昼夜活力差异的内在机制。结果显示:研究区内活力格局呈单核心,圈层状特征,存在一定程度的昼夜差异;活力格局的潮汐性主要来自职住属性和功能特征的影响,表现为容积率、POI数量和功能多样性与活力强度呈正相关,建筑密度、到主干道距离、到地铁站距离、蓝绿空间等与活力强度呈负相关。本研究对高密度城市地区活力识别与激发具有突出的现实意义,有助于协调城市空间内的昼夜活力关系,促进城市空间全时高效利用。

As the nighttime economy becomes an important supplement to the urban economic vitality,the difference of the urban diurnal spatial vitality patterns becomes particularly prominent.Based on the social sensing theory,the spatial distribution of diurnal population was used to represent the spatial and temporal characteristics of urban vitality.Based on the Baidu heat map,the spatial vitality index was constructed,and the pattern of diurnal vitality was analyzed according to the vitality grades.The four indexes of spatial units,including development intensity,functional characteristics,accessibility and ecological quality,were regressed with the spatial vitality index to analyze the internal mechanism causing the difference of urban diurnal vitality.The results showed that the activity pattern in the study area showed a single core and circle-layered characteristics,with a certain degree of diurnal differences.The tidal characteristics of the vitality pattern are mainly influenced by the job and residential attributes and functional characteristics,as shown in the positive correlation between floor area ratio,number of POI and functional diversity and vitality intensity,and negative correlation between building density,distance to main road,distance to subway station,blue and green space ratio and vitality intensity.This study has outstanding practical significance for the identification and stimulation of vitality in high-density urban areas,which is helpful to coordinate the relationship between diurnal vitality in urban space and promote the efficient utilization of urban space at all times.