汽车悬挂系统动力学建模与分析

Automobile Suspension System Dynamic Modeling and Analysis

针对运动过程中汽车悬挂系统耦合运动的弹性变形难以精确求解以及计算求解效率低的问题,提出了一种基于模态方法降维求解悬架系统动力学建模的方法。该方法首先通过在拉格朗日方程法建立汽车悬挂系统的柔性多体动力学模型的基础上,将汽车悬挂系统中的柔性臂简化成空间梁结构,不忽略其轴向变形和截面剪切变形。然后对悬挂系统的弹性变形进行离散化处理,并用有限阶级数展开式精确表示该弹性变形。最后使用广义α方法对汽车悬挂系统动力学模型进行迭代求解,并将仿真结果与将弹性变形降维到64维的有限元方法进行对比验证。实验结果表明:在动力学建模求解过程中,该方法与有限元方法得到的求解结果精度相当,并且该方法的计算效率是有限元方法的4倍多。

The elastic deformation of the coupled motion of the vehicle suspension system is difficult to be solved accurately and the calculation efficiency is low. To solve the problem, a dimension reduction method based on the modal method was proposed to solve the dynamic modeling of the suspension system. Firstly, based on the flexible multi-body dynamic model of automobile suspension system established by Lagrange equation method, the flexible arm in automobile suspension system was simplified into a spatial beam structure, and its axial deformation and section shear deformation were not ignored. Then, the elastic deformation of the suspension system was discretized, and the elastic deformation was accurately expressed by the expansion of finite class number. Finally, the generalizedamethod was used to iteratively solve the dynamic model of vehicle suspension system, and the simulation results were compared with the finite element method which reduced the dimension of elastic deformation to 64 dimensions. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the solution results obtained by the method proposed is equivalent to that obtained by the finite element method, the computational efficiency of the proposed method is more than four times that of the finite element method.