叶适与王阳明兵学思想比较——基于宋明兵儒融合视域

A Comparison of Ye Shi and Wang Yangming’s Military Thought——Based on the Fusion of Military and Confucianism in the Song and Ming Dynasties

在兵儒融合的历史大进程中,有两位相隔三百年的先贤大儒叶适与王阳明做出了重大贡献。他们不仅是永嘉事功学与心学的中坚力量,而且还以文臣身份领兵战场,并取得了惊人的战绩。两位的兵学思想也极具比较的价值:在兵策方面,他们以民为本,兵民结合,选练精兵,教之行伍,寓兵于农,措置屯田;在兵论方面,他们集中于仁诈之辨,急病先难,与《孙子》观点虽有微歧,但各有所重,并都具有极高的军事素养,战场之上做到此心不动。研究两人思想,对重建当代道德之风,重视民生问题,提倡实践实学有着极其重要的研究价值。

In the historical process of the fusion of military and Confucianism,two sages,Ye Shi and Wang Yangming,who were separated by 300 years,made great contributions.They were not only the backbone of Yongjia utilitarian philosophy and mind philosophy,but also led army in the battlefield as civil servants and achieved amazing results.The two thinkers’ military thinking is also of great value for comparison:in terms of military policy,they put the people first,combine the army and the people,select and train elite army,teach the troops,integrate the army in the agriculture,and arrange land reclamation.In the military theory,they focus on the distinction between benevolence and deceit,and put acute illness at first place.Although they have slight differences in the views of The Art of War,they each have their own key points.They all have extremely high military literacy and can do this on the battlefield.Studying the thoughts of the two men has extremely important research value in rebuilding contemporary morality,paying attention to people’s livelihood issues,and promoting practical learning.