生长分化因子5在骨关节炎发生发展中的作用

The role of growth differentiation factor 5 in osteoarthritis

背景:生长分化因子5属于转化生长因子β和骨形态发生蛋白家族的成员,在关节形成过程中及骨骼和关节软骨发育中发挥重要作用,作为组织工程的细胞因子,对促进骨软骨修复具有巨大潜力。目的:探讨生长分化因子5在骨关节炎中的作用以及所存在的一些问题,以期望生长分化因子5在后续有更多的研究,为骨关节炎的治疗提供理论基础。方法:在中国知网、万方数据库,以“生长分化因子5,关节软骨,细胞迁移,细胞迁移,软骨下骨,炎症,骨关节炎,类风湿性关节炎”为检索词,以及在Pub Med数据库以“growth differentiation factor 5,articular cartilage,cell migration,cell proliferation,subchondral bone,inflammation,osteoarthritis,rheumatoid arthritis”为检索词,检索生长分化因子5与骨关节炎相关作用及机制的文章。结果与结论:(1)生长分化因子5促进间充质干细胞向软骨细胞分化,表达Ⅱ型胶原和蛋白聚糖,维持软骨细胞的特性。(2)生长分化因子5促进软骨细胞肥大分化,但是也有研究表明,生长分化因子5诱导后软骨细胞肥大标志物的表达是降低的,表明其对软骨的修复是利大于弊。(3)生长分化因子5可促进成骨的表达,增加软骨下骨矿化密度,通过软骨下骨的修复来间接促进软骨的修复。(4)炎症因子是促进骨关节炎发生发展的因素之一,生长分化因子5可抑制炎症因子的表达,从而达到保护骨关节炎的目的。生长分化因子5作为一种“多功能”的诱导因子,对软骨、软骨下骨及炎症均有一定作用,但是其作用机制仍然不清楚,探明其相关作用机制,在未来有希望成为一种保护骨关节炎的药物。

BACKGROUND:Growth differentiation factor 5,a member of transforming growth fa ctor β and bone morphogenetic protein family,plays an important role in joint formation and the development of bone and articular ca rtilage.As a tissue enginee ring cytokine,growth differentiation factor 5 has great potential in promoting osteochondral repair.OBJECTIVE:To explore the role of growth differentiation factor 5 in osteoarthritis and some existi ng pro blems,attempting to provide a theo retical basis for the treatment of osteoarthritis.METHODS:Literature related to the role and mechanism of growth differentiation factor 5 in osteoarthritis was searched in CNKI,WanFang,and PubMed databases with "growth differentiation factor 5,articular cartilage,cell migration,cell prolife ration,subchondral bone,inflammation,osteoarthritis,rheumatoid arthritis" as Chinese and English search terms,respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:G rowth differentiation factor 5 promotes the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes,expresses type Ⅱcollagen and proteoglycans,and maintains the chara cteristics of chondrocytes.G rowth differentiation factor 5 promotes the hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes,but some studies have shown that the expression of chondrocyte hypertrophy markers is reduced after induction with growth differentiation factor 5,indicating that growth differentiation factor 5 is more beneficial than harmful to ca rtilage repair.Growth differentiation factor 5 can promote steogenesis,increase the mineralization density of subchondral bone,and indirectly promote the repair of ca rtilage through the repair of subchondral bone.Inflammatory factors are one of the factors that promote the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis.Growth differentiation factor 5 can inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors,there by protecting against osteoarthritis.As a "multifunctional" induce r,growth differentiation factor 5 has certain effects on cartilage,subchondral bone and inflammation.Howeve r,its mechanism of action is still unclear and needs further studies.Overall,growth differentiation factor 5 is expected to be an osteoarthritis-treating drug in the future.