利用90K芯片分析烟农74(11)小麦衍生品种(系)的遗传关系

Genetic Relationship of Wheat Derivatives Variety(Line)from Yannong 74(11)Using High-density 90K SNP Array

小麦种质烟农74(11)是20世纪70年代烟台农业科学院选育的小麦育种中间材料,衍生了鲁麦14、鲁麦13、烟农19等多个大面积推广品种,并以这些品种为育种亲本,选育出多个国审小麦品种,是近期山东省小麦育种的基础。选用烟农74(11)种质衍生品种(系)62份、非烟农74(11)种质衍生品种(系)58份,共计120份实验材料,采用小麦90K芯片,分析了供试材料的遗传关系。共获得26 026个有效SNP位点,其中A、B、D基因组各占32.17%、40.69%和7.64%。供试群体多态性信息含量(PIC)为0.18~0.31,平均为0.25,低于SSR标记揭示的遗传多样性。分析了全部材料组(组Ⅰ)和烟农74(11)衍生材料组(组Ⅱ)遗传相似性系数,发现组Ⅰ材料间的遗传相似性系数在0.61~0.70的占59.44%、0.71~0.80的占32.98%、≥0.91的占0.80%;组Ⅱ的遗传相似性系数在0.61~0.70的占26.77%、0.71~0.80的占53.22%、0.81~0.90的占17.26%,≥0.91的占2.75%,这表明烟农74(11)种质衍生后代间的遗传关系比较狭窄,需要拓宽遗传基础。此外,对几个经典小麦杂交组合进行了遗传相似性系数分析,发现子代和上缘亲本间的遗传相似性系数为0.68~0.87,平均为0.79;姊妹系间为0.84~0.87,父母本间为0.65~0.71。通过经典组合分析并结合当前小麦遗传关系狭窄的现实,建议在中短期育种目标中,双亲遗传相似性系数最好控制在0.8以下;在中长期育种目标中,双亲遗传相似性系数最好控制在0.7以下。

The wheat breeding line Yannong 74(11)was bred by Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 1970s,and it derived some varieties including Lumai 14,Lumai 13 and Yannong 19 etc,so it was being the base of the breakthrough of common wheat breeding in Shandong Province recently. Therefore,in this study,illumina 90K array were screened on 120wheat lines including the varieties(lines)derived form 74(11)and other varieties(lines)in order to study the genetic relationship of them. After manual correction of the scatter diagram of each SNP locus,26 026 SNP loci were obtained and there are 32.17%,40.69% and 7.64% distributed on genome A,B and D respectively. The polymorphism information content(PIC)of the tested lines based on the SNP loci ranged from 0.18 to 0.31 and the average was 0.25,which was lower than the PIC of common SSR marker. And then,the wheat materials were divided into 2 groups,that one group consisted of the wheat lines derived from Yannong 74(11)(GroupⅠ)and the other consisted of all the test materials(GroupⅡ). In group Ⅰ,the materials with genetic similarity coefficient from 0.61 to 0.70 accounted for 59.44%,those from 0.71 to 0.80 accounted for32.98%,and those more than 0.91 accounted for 0.80%. In Group Ⅱ,the materials with genetic similarity coefficient from 0.61to 0.70 accounted for 26.77%,those from 0.71 to 0.80 accounted for 53.22%,those from 0.81 to 0.90 accounted for 17.26%,and those more than 0.91 accounted for 2.75%. The data revealed that,the genetic relationship among the derived offspring of Yannong 74(11)germplasm was relatively narrow,so it was necessary to broaden the genetic basis. In addition,several classic wheat hybrid combinations were selected to study the genetic relationship and the result showed that the genetic similarity between offspring and superior parents was from 0.68 to 0.87 with an average of 0.79;the genetic similarity coefficient between sister lines was from 0.84 to 0.87 and that between breeding parents was from 0.65 to 0.71. The genomic information would provide reference for cross parent selection in wheat breeding and it was suggested that the genetic similarity coefficient of parents should be controlled below 0.8 in the establishment of medium and short-term breeding objectives;in the establishment of medium and long-term breeding objectives,the genetic similarity coefficient of parents should be controlled below 0.7.