大中型报废客车仿生拆解平台设计及结构优化

Design and Structure Optimization of Bionic Dismantling Platform for Large and Medium-sized Scrapped Passenger Cars

针对大中型报废客车体积大、结构复杂、在拆解时不易移动、移动式拆解装置价格昂贵等问题,设计了一套仿生式报废客车固定拆解装置。该装置可实现对不同报废客车不同高度的固定夹紧以及对报废客车全方位拆解。首先,使用Solidworks软件对该固定式拆解装置进行结构尺寸的模型设计。其次,对机械臂几何关系进行分析,使用齐次坐标变换方法,确定其空间内发生平移旋转后的空间坐标。最后,针对机械臂主要承载结构动臂及固定装置仿生猫爪进行ANSYS有限元分析,并针对仿生猫爪出现局部应力奇异现象,对其进行结构优化以满足使用要求。结果表明,该固定拆解平台结构合理且可实现对大中型报废客车的全方位、高效拆解。

Aiming at the problems of large and medium-sized scrapped passenger cars,complicated structure,difficult to move during dismantling,and expensive mobile dismantling device,a set of bionic scrapped passenger car fixed dismantling device is designed.The device can realize the fixed clamping of different scrapped passenger cars at different heights,and all-round dismantling of the scrapped passenger cars.First,Solidworks software is used to design the structure size model of the fixed dismantling device.Secondly,the geometric relationship of the manipulator is analyzed,and the homogeneous coordinate transformation method is used to determine the space coordinates after translation and rotation in the space.Finally,ANSYS finite element analysis is carried out for the main load-bearing structure of the manipulator and the bionic cat's claw of the fixing device,and the local stress singularity phenomenon of the bionic cat's claw is optimized to meet the requirements of use.The results show that the structure of the fixed dismantling platform is reasonable and can realize all-round and efficient dismantling of large and medium-sized scrapped passenger cars.