结直肠癌和进展期腺瘤的早期诊断

Early Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer and Advanced Adenoma

我国结直肠癌发病率和死亡率呈逐年上升趋势,实现结直肠癌和进展期腺瘤的早期诊断是降低癌症相关发病和死亡风险的有效手段。目前众多研究对基于粪便、血液、基因和可视化检查的结直肠癌诊断方式以及早期筛查策略进行了探索。不同诊断方法的诊断效能、筛查参与率和适用性存在差异,结肠镜检查质量和人群筛查参与率是影响早期诊断率的关键因素。综合考虑区域社会经济基础和卫生资源的差异制订相应的早筛早诊策略更具成本-效益优势。

The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer are increasing yearly in China.Early diagnosis of colorectal cancer and advanced adenoma is an effective means to reduce the risk of cancer-related morbidity and mortality.Many studies have explored the value of stool,blood,genetic,and visualization-based diagnostic modalities and early screening strategies for the detection of colorectal cancer.There are differences in diagnostic performance,screening participation rates,and applicability among these different diagnostic methods.The quality of colonoscopy and participation rate in population for screening are key factors affecting the early diagnostic rate.The development of appropriate early screening and diagnostic strategies based on regional differences in economic,social,and health resources can lead to a better cost-effectiveness.