极地微生物多糖的生物学特征及对金属的腐蚀影响机制

Biological Characteristics of Polar Microbial Polysaccharides and Corresponding Mechanism of Metal Corrosion

微生物在自然界中的分布范围极广,由于其便捷性、经济型、环保性等优点,已被广泛应用于人类社会发展的方方面面。随着南北极开发力度的加大,极地微生物由于其适应极地严酷自然环境的独特生物学特征引起广泛兴趣。其中,极地微生物多糖是重要的研究领域,其在结构上区别于普通微生物多糖,有助于微生物在极寒环境中正常的生命活动。此外,还阐述了微生物合成多糖的Wzx-Wzy、ABC转运蛋白和合酶依赖途径以及多糖与生物膜形成之间的关系,并以此为基础,进一步延伸至多糖对金属材料表面腐蚀的影响。通过研究极地微生物多糖的特征、生物膜形成和金属腐蚀三者之间的关系,探索影响极地微生物腐蚀机制的关键因素,为未来极地服役材料的腐蚀防护提供参考。

Microorganism is widely distributed in nature, and has been utilized in all aspects of human social development due to its advantages of convenience, economy and environmental protection. With the development of the arctic and Antarctic,polar microorganisms have attracted extensive interest because of their unique biological characteristics in adapting to the harsh polar natural environment. Especially, polar microbial polysaccharides are important research branch, which is structurally different from ordinary microbial polysaccharides. It is helpful for normal life activities of microorganisms in extremely cold environment. In addition, the Wzx-Wzy, ABC transporters, synthase-dependent pathways of microbial synthesis of polysaccharides and the relationship between polysaccharides and biofilm formation are also discussed in this paper. Based on this, the effect of polysaccharides on the surface corrosion of metal materials is further extended. By studying the relationship between the characteristics of polar microbial polysaccharides, biofilm formation and metal corrosion, the key factors affecting the mechanism of polar microbial corrosion were explored, providing perspective for the corrosion protection of polar service materials in the future.