肿瘤源性外泌体参与肿瘤转移的相关信号通路研究

Study on related signaling pathways of tumor-derived exosomes involved in tumor metastasis

外泌体是多种活细胞分泌的囊泡,含有RNA、蛋白质等成分,通过参与细胞间的物质和信息交换,在多种生理病理过程及肿瘤治疗中发挥重要作用。在癌症中,外泌体可能通过调节免疫反应和促进血管生成参与肿瘤的生长和转移。肿瘤源性外泌体(TDEs)由肿瘤细胞主动产生和释放,并将信息从肿瘤细胞传递给位于近处或远处的正常或异常细胞。TDEs参与肿瘤转移的各个过程,是早期检测肿瘤的潜在标志,TDEs可促进肿瘤向其他细胞扩散并激活靶细胞中的信号通路,但其所涉及的机制十分复杂。基于此,现就TDEs在转移过程中发挥的关键作用及其在上皮—间质转化(EMT)过程中所涉及的信号通路做一综述。

Exosomes are vesicles secreted by a variety of living cells,containing RNA,protein and other components.They play an important role in various physiological and pathological processes and tumor treatment by participating in the exchange of substances and information between cells.In cancer,exosomes may be involved in tumor growth and metastasis by modulating immune responses and promoting angiogenesis.Tumor-derived exosomes(TDEs)are actively produced and released by tumor cells and transmit information from tumor cells to normal or abnormal cells located near or far away.TDEs are involved in various processes of tumor metastasis and are potential markers for early detection of tumors.TDEs can promote tumor spread to other cells and activate signaling pathways in target cells,but the mechanisms involved are very complex.Based on this,this paper reviews the key roles of TDEs in the process of metastasis and the signaling pathways involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT).