新冠肺炎疫情对居民睡眠质量的影响分析

Investigation and influencing factors of sleep quality of residents affected by COVID-19 epidemic

目的调研新冠肺炎疫情期间居民的睡眠质量、焦虑、抑郁情况,并分析其影响因素,探寻居家干预策略。方法2021年7月30日至8月12日,以南京市江宁区常住居民为抽样调查对象,通过线上或线下形式发放问卷,包括失眠严重指数量表(ISI)、广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)、抑郁自评量表(PHQ-9),对居民的睡眠质量、心理状态进行评估,并采用Logistic回归分析影响居民睡眠质量的相关因素。结果共调查了779名居民,ISI评分为(15.40±5.99)分,中、重度失眠发生率为47.37%(369/779);GAD-7量表评分为(5.52±5.34)分,中、重度焦虑发生率为36.97%(288/779);PHQ-9量表评分为(7.97±6.31)分,中、重度抑郁发生率为38.51%(300/779)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性、医务人员、黄码人员、中度焦虑、抑郁与失眠的发生呈正相关,是失眠的危险因素;而高文化水平、接种疫苗与失眠的发生呈负相关,是失眠的保护因素。结论新冠肺炎疫情期间,居民易出现失眠、焦虑、抑郁等问题,应关注相关影响因素,针对涉疫地区居民及时进行线上睡眠健康宣教和心理疏导。

Objective To investigate the sleep quality, anxiety and depression of residents during the COVID-19 epidemic, and analyze the related factors. Methods From July 30 to August 12, 2021, the permanent residents of Jiangning District, Nanjing were selected, and questionnaires were distributed online or offline. Sleep quality was assessed by Insomnia Severity Index(ISI), psychological status was assessed by Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale(GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9), Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of sleep quality. Results 779 residents participated in the survey, the questionnaire survey showed that the score of ISI was(15.40 ± 5.99), and the incidence of moderate and severe insomnia was 47.37%(369/779). The score of GAD-7 was(5.52 ± 5.34), the incidence of moderate and severe anxiety was 36.97%(288/779). The score of PHQ-9 was(7.97 ± 6.31), and the incidence of moderate and severe depression was 38.51%(300/779). Logistic regression analysis showed that female, medical staff, health code yellow, moderate anxiety and depression were positively correlated with insomnia, which were the risk factors of insomnia. However, high education level and vaccination were negatively correlated with insomnia, which were protective factors for insomnia. Conclusions During the COVID-19 epidemic, residents are prone to insomnia, anxiety, depression and other problems. Attention should be paid to the relevant influencing factors, online sleep health education and psychological counseling should be provided in time.