维持性血液透析患者姑息护理需求的质性研究

A qualitative study on palliative care needs of maintenance hemodialysis patients

目的探讨维持性血液透析患者的姑息护理需求,为维持性血液透析患者实施姑息护理提供参考。方法基于现象学方法论,目的性抽样选取16例患者以及7名照顾者为访谈对象,以半结构式访谈法收集资料,在姑息护理需求理论框架的指导下,采用主题分析法分析资料。结果维持性血液透析患者的姑息护理需求呈现4个主题:生理需求(症状管理需求、饮食管理需求)、心理需求(信息支持需求、情感支持需求)、社会需求(维持社会关系需求、角色适应需求、经济保障需求)及精神需求。结论倡导组建跨学科的姑息护理团队,全程评估患者的需求,及时为其提供姑息照护,从而提高患者的生活质量。

Objective To understand the needs of palliative care for maintenance hemodialysis patients, and to provide reference for palliative care in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Methods Based on the phenomenological methodology, 16 patients and 7 caregivers were selected as interview subjects by purposeful sampling, and the data were collected by semi-structured interview method. Under the guidance of the theoretical framework of palliative care needs, the data were analyzed by thematic analysis method. Results Four themes were identified in the data: physiological needs(symptom management needs, dietary management needs),psychological needs(information support needs, emotional support needs), social needs(maintain social relationship needs, role adaptation needs, financial security needs) and spiritual needs. Conclusions The establishment of an interdisciplinary palliative care team is advocated to assess the needs of patients throughout the process and provide them with palliative care, so as to improve patients’ quality of life.