影响哮喘患儿吸入治疗依从性的 多因素分析及护理体会

Multi-factor Analysis and Nursing Experience of Influencing Inhalation Therapy Compliance in Children with Asthma

目的分析哮喘患儿吸入治疗依从性的影响因素及护理方法。方法选择江门市人民医院在2018年4月-2020年8月时间段中收治的166例需要吸入治疗的哮喘患儿作为研究对象,通过问卷调查的方式以及科室自制的吸入治疗依从性评估量表对其吸入治疗依从性进行评估,同时分析其吸入治疗依从性的影响因素,并且对其开展针对性护理干预,比较其护理前后的吸入治疗依从性变化。结果影响哮喘患儿吸入治疗依从性的单因素为父母对哮喘认知、家庭月收入、父母文化水平以及病情严重程度,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,父母对哮喘的认知、父母文化水平以及患儿病情严重程度是影响哮喘患儿吸入治疗依从性的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。166例哮喘患儿护理前,其吸入治疗依从性良好率为39.76%,护理后其吸入治疗依从性良好率为87.95%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论影响哮喘患儿吸入治疗依从性的独立危险因素为父母对哮喘的认知、父母文化水平以及患儿病情严重程度,在患儿治疗期间及时对其开展针对性护理干预可以进一步提高其吸入治疗依从性。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors and nursing methods of inhalation therapy compliance in children with asthma.Methods 166 children with asthma who needed inhalation treatment in our hospital from April 2018 to August 2020 were selected as the object of study.The compliance of inhalation therapy was evaluated by questionnaire survey and the self-made inhalation treatment compliance assessment scale.At the same time,the influencing factors of inhalation treatment compliance were analyzed,and targeted nursing intervention was carried out to compare the changes of inhalation treatment compliance before and after nursing.Results The single factors affecting the compliance of children with asthma were parents’cognition of asthma,family monthly income,parents’education level and severity of illness,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that parents’cognition of asthma,parents’educational level and the severity of children’s condition were independent risk factors affecting children’s compliance with inhalation therapy(P<0.05).Before nursing,the compliance rate of 166 children with asthma was 39.76%.After nursing,the compliance rate of inhalation treatment was 87.95%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The independent risk factors affecting the compliance of children with asthma are their parents’cognition of asthma,the educational level of their parents and the severity of their illness.Timely targeted nursing intervention during the treatment of children can further improve their compliance with inhalation therapy.