遗传性耳聋基因筛查在新生儿听力筛查中的效果及护理干预措施

Effect of Genetic Screening for Hereditary Deafness in Newborn Hearing Screening and Nursing Intervention Measures

目的探析新生儿听力筛查中应用遗传性耳聋基因筛查的效果及护理干预措施。方法样本选取年限为2018年5月-2019年8月,样本例数为兰州大学第二医院产科及儿科2000名新生儿。所有新生儿均接受遗传性耳聋基因筛查及听力筛查,并以数字表法将其分为对照组(1000例)和观察组(1000例)。由医护人员予以对照组新生儿常规护理干预,予以观察组新生儿综合性护理干预。统计新生儿接受遗传性耳聋基因筛查的结果,并比较耳聋性基因突变新生儿与无基因突变新生儿听力障碍发生率,比较两组新生儿接受听力筛查的通过率、依从性及新生儿家属对护理干预方案的满意程度。结果2000名新生儿接受遗传性耳聋基因筛查,结果显示有103名新生儿存在基因突变,概率为5.15%,存在耳聋基因突变的新生儿听力障碍发生率高于无耳聋基因突变的新生儿(P<0.05);观察组的初筛通过率于对照组,观察组的复筛通过率高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组依从率高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组新生儿家属对护理干预方案的总满意率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在新生儿听力筛查中应用遗传性耳聋基因筛查有助于提高新生儿听力障碍的检出率,实施综合性护理干预措施能够促进筛查工作的开展,提高新生儿及其家属的依从性及满意度,具有较高的临床推广价值。

Objective To explore the effect of genetic deafness gene screening in neonatal hearing screening and nursing intervention measures.Methods The sample was selected from May 2018 to August 2019.The sample number was 2000 newborns in obstetrics and pediatrics of our hospital.All newborns received genetic screening and hearing screening for hereditary deafness,and were divided into control group(1000 cases)and observation group(1000 cases)by digital table method.The medical staff gave routine nursing intervention to the newborns in the control group and comprehensive nursing intervention to the newborns in the observation group.The results of genetic deafness gene screening of newborns were counted,and the incidence of hearing impairment of deafness gene mutated newborns and non gene mutated newborns were compared.The passing rate and compliance of hearing screening of newborns in the two groups and the satisfaction of neonatal family members with nursing intervention program were compared.Results Two thousand newborns received genetic deafness gene screening.The results showed that 103 newborns had gene mutation,with a probability of 5.15%.The incidence of hearing impairment in newborns with deafness gene mutation was significantly higher than that in newborns without deafness gene mutation(P<0.05).The passing rate of primary screening in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the passing rate of secondary screening in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The compliance rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The total satisfaction rate of neonatal family members in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of genetic deafness gene screening in neonatal hearing screening can help to improve the detection rate of neonatal hearing impairment.The implementation of comprehensive nursing intervention measures can promote the development of screening,improve the compliance and satisfaction of newborns and their families,and has high clinical popularization value.