丽水市1021例急性呼吸道感染儿童病原体检查结果分析

Analysis of pathogen examination results of 1 021 children with acute respiratory tract infection in Lishui City

目的 了解丽水市儿童急性呼吸道感染病例的病原学分布特征,为临床研究提供流行病学依据。方法 选取2021年1月—12月在本院因急性呼吸道感染住院的患儿1 021例,采用基于毛细管电泳的多重PCR法检测13种呼吸道病原体。结果 1 021份标本中,525份检出病原体,阳性率为51.42%,检出前4位的是鼻病毒(21.16%)、呼吸道合胞病毒(18.81%)、副流感病毒(4.51%)和偏肺病毒(3.23%)。不同年龄段的阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同季节检出率差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论 丽水地区儿童急性呼吸道感染主要病原体是鼻病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、副流感病毒、偏肺病毒,随患儿年龄增加检出率降低,应加强易感人群防治工作,通过毛细管电泳片段分析法准确分析病原体核酸,为临床诊断提供依据。

Objective To understand the pathogenic distribution characteristics of children.s acute respiratory infections in Lishui area to provide epidemiological evidence for clinical research.Methods A total of 1 021 children hospitalized for acute respiratory tract infection in our hospital from January to December,2021 were selected.Thirteen respiratory pathogens were detected by multiplex PCR based on capillary electrophoresis.Results Among 1 021 specimens,525 were detected with pathogens,with a positive detection rate of 51.42%.The top four were rhinovirus(21.16%),respiratory syncytial virus(18.81%),parainfluenza virus(4.51%) and metapneumovirus(3.23%).There was statistical significance on the difference in the positive detection rate among different ages(P 0.05).Conclusion The main pathogens of children.s acute respiratory infections in Lishui area are rhinovirus,respiratory syncytial virus,parainfluenza virus,metapneumovirus.The detection rate decreases with the increase of children.s age.The prevention and treatment of susceptible people should be strengthened.Accurate analysis of pathogen nucleic acid by capillary electrophoresis fragment analyzing method provides a basis for clinical diagnosis.