2019年—2021年北京市通州区腹泻病例弯曲菌流行特征

Epidemiological characteristics of Campylobacter from diarrhea cases in Tongzhou District,Beijing City,2019-2021

目的 了解北京市通州区腹泻病例弯曲菌的流行病学特征,为防控弯曲菌病提供参考依据。方法 对2019年—2021年通州区1 083例门诊腹泻病例的粪便样本进行弯曲菌分离与鉴定,对阳性菌株及感染病例进行流行病学分析。结果 2019年—2021年通州区共监测腹泻病例样本1 083例,检出弯曲菌48株,检出率为4.43%,其中空肠弯曲菌占79.17%(38/48),结肠弯曲菌占20.83%(10/48)。夏季(6月—8月)弯曲菌检出率最高,不同季度检出率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=7.859,P=0.049);45岁~59岁年龄组检出率最高,年龄组间检出率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=12.108,P=0.017);城区居民检出率高于乡镇居民(χ~2=5.391,P=0.020);不同性别和职业的病例弯曲菌检出率差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);临床表现以腹泻为主,多为水样便。结论 弯曲菌为通州区腹泻病例主要致病菌,阳性菌株及感染病例存在较为显著的流行特征,应继续加强腹泻病例主动监测。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics ofCampylobacterin diarrhea cases in Tongzhou District,Beijing City,so as to provide reference for the prevention and control ofCampylobacter.Methods To isolate and identify Campylobacter from stool samples collected from 1 083 outpatient diarrhea cases in Tongzhou District from 2019 to2021,and to conduct epidemiological analysis on positive strains and infected cases.Results From 2019 to 2021,a total of1 083 diarrhea cases were monitored in Tongzhou District,and 48 strains of Campylobacter were detected,with an average detection rate of 4.43%,among whichCampylobacter jejuniaccounted for 79.17%(38/48) andCampylobacter colonaccounted for 20.83%(10/48).The highest Campylobacter detection rate was observed in summer(June to August),and the difference was statistically significant in different seasons (χ~2= 7.859,P= 0.049).The highest detection rate was found in the 45-59 age group,and the difference was statistically significant (χ~2= 12.108,P= 0.017).The detection rate of urban residents was higher than township residents,and the difference between urban and rural residents was statistically significant (χ~2=5.391,P= 0.020).There was no statistical significance on the difference in Campylobacter detection rate among different genders and occupations.The main clinical manifestations are diarrhea,mostly watery stools.Conclusion Campylobacter is the main pathogenic bacteria of diarrhea cases in Tongzhou District,and positive strains and infected cases have significant epidemic characteristics,so active surveillance of diarrhea cases should be strengthened.