罗非鱼湖病毒病及其检测技术研究进展

Research Progress on Tilapia Lake Virus Disease and Its Diagnostic Technology

简述了罗非鱼湖病毒病及其流行病学特征,介绍了罗湖病毒的发现、基因组特征、致病机理以及诊断与防控措施。指出,罗非鱼湖病毒病为近年来新发重大疫病,目前已在全球范围内流行,给罗非鱼养殖产业带来了巨大经济损失。提出,目前对于罗湖病毒病无有效的治疗方法和疫苗,应以预防为主;由于不同地区罗湖病毒毒株有所差异,首先应充分调研各毒株相对应的敏感鱼种;加强罗非鱼生物安保措施管理与传播风险评价体系建设;罗湖病毒属于RNA病毒,变异快,且不同地理条件下基因组存在显著差异,应及时更新序列信息,改进诊断方法,正确区分不同地理株,开发更为精准、低价的快检技术与产品。

This paper briefly described the tilapia lake virus disease(TiLVD) and its epidemiological characteristics, introduced the discovery of tilapia lake virus(TiLV), genome characteristics, the pathogenic mechanism, the diagnosis and prevention measures. It is pointed out that TiLVD is a new major epidemic in recent years and has become endemic worldwide now, bringing massive economic losses to the tilapia aquaculture industry. At present, there is no effective chemical treatment and vaccine for TiLVD, which should be given priority to prevention;due to the differences in virus strains among different regions, the susceptible strains of tilapia corresponding to various strains should be adequately investigated;reinforce the management of biosecurity measures and transmission risk assessment systems in tilapia farming;TiLV belongs to RNA viruses, which mutate rapidly and have markedly differences under different geographical conditions, therefore, it is necessary to update sequence information and improve diagnostic methods to distinguish geographic strains, and develop more accurate and low-cost rapid detection technologies and products.