PBL为导向的教学模式在体外膜肺氧合规范化培训中的应用

Application of PBL oriented teaching mode in standardized ECMO training

目的探讨以问题为基础的学习法(PBL)导向的教学模式在体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)规范化培训中的应用价值。方法便利抽样法选取2020年9月至2022年3月在广州医科大学附属第一医院接受ECMO专修班全程培训的学员97名,其中男56名,女41名,年龄(33.10±4.67)岁。采用以PBL为导向的教学模式,对理论培训及操作技术、临床查房等进行规范化培训,然后对比分析学员在培训前后的考核成绩。统计学方法采用配对t检验。结果参加培训的学员82.47%(80/97)来自综合重症监护病房(ICU),医护占比接近各半,初级和中级职称学员占比87.62%(85/97),63.92%(62/97)学员ICU工作经历为4~10年。摸底调查显示,绝大部分学员都表示希望通过培训能达到独立完成ECMO预冲和置管[96.91%(94/97)]、ECMO转运[88.66%(86/97)]、长时间地ECMO运行和管理[93.81%(91/97)]的要求。在结束3个月的规范化培训后,学员结业考试成绩明显高于摸底考试成绩[(90.58±8.98)分比(61.57±15.61)分],差异有统计学意义(t=15.664,P<0.001)。结论PBL导向的教学模式,可以有效提高ECMO技术规范化培训的效果,为ECMO技术规范化培训的实施提供一定的参考价值。

Objective To evaluate the effect of problem-based learning(PBL)oriented teaching mode in standardized extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)training.Methods A total of 97 trainees who join our ECMO special training courses were selected by the convenience sampling from September 2020 to March 2022,including 56 males and 41 females,with an age of(33.10±4.67)years old.The PBL oriented teaching mode was adopted in the standardized training courses of theoretical lectures,operation techniques,clinical ward rounds,etc.The trainees'performance before and after training was analyzed.Paired t test was used for statistical analysis.Results Among them,82.47%(80/97)of the trainees were from the general intensive care unit(ICU),the proportion of medical and nursing staff was nearly half,87.62%(85/97)of the trainees had junior and intermediate titles,and 63.92%(62/97)of the trainees had 4-10 years of ICU work experience.The survey showed that most of the trainees hoped to achieve the requirements of independent ECMO preflushing and catheterization[96.91%(94/97)],ECMO transfer[88.66%(86/97)],and long-term operation management of ECMO[93.81%(91/97)]through the training.After 3 months of standardized training,the score of the final examination was significantly higher than that of the pre-training examination[(90.58±8.98)vs.(61.57±15.61)],with a statistically significant difference(t=15.664,P<0.001).Conclusion PBL oriented teaching mode can effectively improve the effect of standardized ECMO training and is valuable for standardized ECMO training.