肠道菌群在自身免疫性疾病治疗中的前景

Prospect of Gut Microbiota-based Intervention in Autoimmune Disease Control

肠道菌群对于维持人体免疫稳态不可或缺。肠道菌群失调、易位及菌群代谢物异常见于多种自身免疫性疾病,通过诱导免疫失衡、分子模拟、旁观者激活、表位扩展等机制参与自身免疫耐受破坏和过度炎症反应,促进自身免疫性疾病的发生发展,并通过干扰药物在肠道的转化影响免疫治疗药物的疗效和毒性。基于肠道菌群的干预措施或可为自身免疫性疾病的防治提供新策略。本文回顾近年来肠道菌群在系统性自身免疫性疾病中的研究进展,并对基于菌群的干预措施在自身免疫性疾病中的应用前景予以展望。

Gut microbiota is indispensable for the maintenance of human immune homeostasis.Dysbiosis and translocation of gut microbes as well as aberrance of microbiome metabolites,which are commonly seen in many autoimmune diseases,are suggested to participate in the breakdown of immune tolerance and the excessive inflammatory responses.The involved mechanisms include immune equilibrium skewing,molecular mimicry,bystander activation and epitope spreading,which contributes to the initiation and progression of autoimmune diseases.In addition,the microbial biotransformation of antirheumatic drugs help determine the bioactivity and toxicity of these drugs.Herein,gut microbiota-based intervention may shed light on developing novel strategies for prophylaxis and treatment of autoimmune diseases.In this review,recent advances in exploring the potential pathogenic role of gut microbiota in autoimmunity are summarized and the prospect of applying microbiota-based intervention in systemic autoimmune diseases is addressed.