实验性急性非洲猪瘟病例肾损伤的病理学观察及炎性因子的表达

Pathological observation of renal injury and expression of inflammatory factors in experimental acute African swine fever cases

实验复制急性非洲猪瘟病例,对肾组织进行病理学观察,并探讨相关炎性因子的表达变化。筛选18头达到纳入标准的健康猪,分为2组,其中试验组(13头)肌内注射剂量为10HAD/mL(HAD为半数红细胞吸附量)的Ⅱ型非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)毒株Pig/HLJ/18,对照组(5头)注射等量生理盐水。对试验期间死亡的猪进行剖检取材,制作组织切片,观察病理变化。建立肾组织病理学评分标准,病变程度按肾组织的不同结构病变进行分级和评分;免疫组织化学方法检测肾组织中炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素1β(IL-1β)和干扰素γ(IFN-γ)的表达情况。结果:试验组病死猪的肾表面及皮质切面出现灰白色或灰红色多灶性梗死灶、密布弥漫性出血点,形成雀卵肾;病理变化以血液循环障碍为主,包括充血、淤血、出血、梗死和弥漫性血管内凝血等多种病理表现;根据评分标准统计,病死猪肾组织的结构病变最严重的在肾小管,表现上皮细胞肿胀、坏死,细胞管型、透明管型,其次是间质,出现出血、淤血、血栓等病理变化;免疫组化结果显示,炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β和IFN-γ表达水平极显著上调(P<0.01)。本试验结果表明,以炎症级联反应和血液循环障碍为主的病理过程,共同导致急性非洲猪瘟肾损伤。

The experiment was conducted to observe the pathology of kidney tissue and to explore the changes in the expression of relevant inflammatory factors by replicating acute African swine fever cases. Eighteen healthy pigs meeting the inclusion criteria were selected and divided into two groups. The test group(13 pigs) was injected intramuscularly with a dose of 10~2HAD/mL(HAD: half red blood cell adsorption capacity) of the type Ⅱ ASFV strain Pig/HLJ/18, and the control group(5 pigs) was injected with an equal amount of saline. Dead pigs during the test were dissected and sampled to produce histological sections for observation of pathological changes. Histopathological scoring criteria were established, and the degree of lesion was graded and scored according to different structural lesions of the kidney tissue;the expression of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-γ in the kidney tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. The results were as follows: The kidney surface and cortical section of the dead pigs in the test group showed grey-white or grey-red multifocal foci of infarction and dense diffuse hemorrhages, forming a finch egg kidney. The pathological changes were mainly blood circulation disorders,