单像素高效感知方法概述

Overview of efficient single-pixel sensing methods

资源受限平台的高效率视觉感知是信息领域的瓶颈难题。不同于传统阵列探测成像,单像素成像基于压缩感知原理将多维图像编码为一维采集数据,有效提升了数据压缩率,且灵敏度高、工作波段宽,逐渐成为研究热点。然而,单像素成像重建的图像中仍包含大量对高层语义理解无关的信息,导致传输、存储、计算的资源浪费。单像素感知是一种直接从一维采集数据解耦高级语义推断结果的新型感知技术,无需重建多维图像,相较传统先成像-后感知的技术路径大幅提升了感知效率,在遥感探测、智慧交通、生物医学、国防军事等众多领域具有广阔的应用前景。文中重点梳理了单像素感知技术的发展历程,详细介绍了单像素感知技术的方法架构以及在视觉应用中的研究进展,最后对其未来发展趋势进行了展望。

Efficient sensing on resource-limited platforms is a hot research topic in the field of information processing.Different from conventional array image acquisition,single-pixel data recording and compressed sensing-based image reconstruction effectively reduce the bandwidth,but the reconstructed images generally contain many data irrelevant for high-level vision tasks.Single-pixel sensing is an emerging technique that directly infers high-level semantics from one-dimensional encoded measurements without multidimensional image reconstruction.Compared with the conventional first-reconstruction-then-perception scheme,the sensing efficiency is greatly improved.It has broad applications in many fields,such as remote sensing,intelligent transportation,biomedicine,and the national defense military.This overview focuses on the history and development of single-pixel sensing and introduces its technical architecture and research progress in computer vision applications.Finally,we outlook the development trends,hoping to provide some highlights for future studies in this direction.