双重环境规制提升了绿色全要素生产率吗?——基于产业结构升级的门槛效应分析

Does Dual Environmental Regulations Promote Green Total Factor Productivity?——An Analysis of the Threshold Effect Based on Industrial Structure Upgrading

本文基于2006—2019年283个地级及以上城市平衡面板数据,选择产业结构升级作为门槛变量,构建一般回归模型与面板门槛回归模型,分析双重环境规制对绿色全要素生产率的作用机理。研究结果表明:(1)从总体趋势上看,双重环境规制促进了城市绿色全要素生产率的提升。在产业结构发展的不同阶段,正式环境规制对绿色全要素生产率的影响存在异质性,而非正式环境规制对其影响呈现“U”型态势。(2)从控制变量看,经济发展水平、金融水平与科技创新水平对绿色全要素生产率具有显著的正向影响;对外开放程度对绿色全要素生产率具有正向影响,但影响不显著;而城镇化对绿色全要素生产率具有负向影响,但不够显著。(3)从区域异质性看,双重环境规制对绿色全要素生产率的门槛效应存在区域异质性:东部地区非正式环境规制对城市绿色全要素生产率存在双重门槛效应;中部地区双重环境规制对绿色全要素生产率都存在单一门槛效应;西部地区正式环境规制对绿色全要素生产率存在单一门槛效应。

Based on the balanced panel data of 283 cities in China from 2006 to 2019,this paper selects the industrial structure upgrade as the threshold variable,constructs a general regression model and a panel threshold regression model,and analyzes the impact and action mechanism of dual environmental regulation on green total factor productivity.The research results show that:(1)From the overall trend,dual environmental regulation promotes the improvement of urban green total factor productivity.At different stages of industrial structure development,there is heterogeneity in the impact of formal environmental regulation on green total factor productivity,while the impact of informal environmental regulation on green TFP presents a"U"shape.(2)From the perspective of control variables,the level of economic development,financial level and technological innovation have a significant positive impact on green total factor productivity;the degree of opening to the outside world has a positive impact on green total factor productivity,but the impact is not significant;urbanization has a negative impact on green total factor productivity,but it is not significant.(3)From the perspective of regional heterogeneity,there is regional heterogeneity in the threshold effect of dual environmental regulation on green total factor productivity:informal environmental regulation in the eastern region has a dual threshold effect on urban green total factor productivity,dual environmental regulation in the central region has a single threshold effect on green total factor productivity,and formal environmental regulation in the western region has a single threshold effect on green total factor productivity.