超越科学共同体:科技创新共同体的形成何以可能

Beyond the Scientific Community: Why the Formation of Scientific and Technological Innovation Community is Possible

科学共同体在科学建制化过程中发展起来,其来源和社会结构不断分化和重组。后学院科学时代,科学、技术和创新活动呈现一体化发展,超越传统各自为阵的组织边界,拓展了科学知识生产的场域,融合多元主体的科技创新共同体正在形成,并产生新的行为规范、规则和标准。在科技创新共同体网络中,从科研组织到科技治理,科学家群体的中心度发生明显变化,从过去的单一主导向多元合作转变。在影响国家科技政策走向和引导集体行动方面,科学家群体发挥着关键作用,并与其他主体密切互动形成新的共同体,在新的维度超越了传统的科学共同体。

The scientific community develops in the process of scientific institutionalization, and its source and social structure are constantly differentiated. In the post-academic science, with the integrated development of science, technology, and innovation activities, the field of scientific knowledge production has been expanded beyond the traditional organizational boundaries, and the scientific and technological innovation community integrating multiple background actors is forming, as well as the forming of new norms, rules and standards of behavior. In the network of the scientific and technological innovation communities, the centrality of scientists has changed significantly from the single dominant to the collaborator with multiple actors in both the research and scientific governance. Scientists play a key role in influencing the trend of national science and technology policy and guiding collective action and interactinging closely with other actors to form a new community, which is beyond the traditional scientific community.