董仲舒《春秋繁露·循天之道》养生哲学思想研究

Philosophical Thought of Preserving Healthy in Dong Zhongshu’s Luxuriant Gems of The Spring and Autumn Annals

董仲舒从个人循天道养生的角度,提出了“人其天之继欤”的著名思想,而其中所阐发的“中和养生”思想,更是非常深刻,发人深省。他指出,人因循上天之道,以便存养其身体,这就是道。董仲舒根据公孙之养气之说“君子怒则反中而自说以和;喜则反中而收之以正,忧则反中而舒之以意,惧则反中而实之以精”,指出君子无论喜怒忧惧,都必须返回到中,从而达到和、正、意、精的良好养生效果。董仲舒还从意、神、气三者密切关系出发,对于其“养气说”进行了很好的阐发。他又从人们的衣食住行各方面,对养生之道进行了充分理论概括。

Dong Zhongshu put forward the famous thought of “People follow the way of heaven” from the perspective of personal health preservation according to the way of heaven, and the thought of “banlanced harmony of health preservation” expounded in it is even more profound and thought-provoking. He pointed out that man follows the way of heaven in order to preserve his body and that this is the way. He also pointed out that a gentleman should return to the balanced state to achieve the good effect of health preservation with harmony, honesty, mind and spirit whether he is happy, angry, worried or frightened, according to Gongsun Zhi’s theory of nourishing qi(vital force), “A gentleman should adjust his emotions to a happy state with harmony when he is angry, restrain his joy with honesty when he is happy, ease his worries with mind when he is worried and fill his mind with spirit when he is frightened”. Dong Zhongshu also made a good analysis of his “theory of nourishing qi” from the perspective of the close relationship between mind, spirit and qi. He also made a full theoretical summary of the way of health preservation from the aspects of people’s clothing, food, housing and transportation.