广东省典型水环境壬基酚生态风险评估研究

Ecological Risk Assessment of Nonylphenol in a Typical Water Environment in Guangdong Province

广东省积极推进地方优先控制化学品环境管理实践,在省内开展了壬基酚环境风险评估研究工作。本研究以生态环境部发布的系列文件为指导,收集不同介质中壬基酚环境暴露数据并进行质量评估,结合壬基酚危害效应最新研究进展确定预测无效应浓度(PNEC),最终采取商值法表征环境风险。研究结果表明,根据收集到的现有数据,在淡水、淡水沉积物、土壤和污水处理厂中,壬基酚的PNEC分别为0.33μg·L^(-1)、4.62 mg·kg^(-1)(以干质量计)、0.344 mg·kg^(-1)和9.5 mg·L^(-1),经质量评估的环境浓度范围分别为ND~33231 ng·L^(-1)、ND~28830μg·kg^(-1)(以干质量计)、ND~6.38μg·kg^(-1)(以干质量计)和93~872 ng·L^(-1);淡水、淡水沉积物和土壤中壬基酚浓度中位值分别为353 ng·L^(-1)、525.24μg·kg^(-1)(以干质量计)和1.86μg·kg^(-1)(以干质量计)。广东省污水处理厂排放是壬基酚进入环境的主要途径。基于2002—2015年间历史监测数据,淡水与淡水沉积物中部分点位风险表征比率>1。鉴于历史监测数据的时间跨度导致较大不确定性,建议持续关注壬基酚环境风险,进一步开展现状研究,必要时采取相关措施。

Guangdong Province actively promotes the environmental management practices of local priority controlled chemicals,and has carried out nonylphenol environmental risk assessment research work in the province.Based on a series of documents issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment,this study collects environmental exposure data of nonylphenol in different media and conducts quality assessment,determine the predicted no effect concentration(PNEC)combining with the latest research progress of nonylphenol harmful effects,and finally adopts the quotient method to characterize environmental risks.The results of the study show that according to the existing data collected,the PNEC of nonylphenol in freshwater,freshwater sediment,soil and sewage treatment plants are 0.33μg·L^(-1),4.62 mg·kg^(-1)(based on dry mass),0.344 mg·kg^(-1) and 9.5 mg·L^(-1),respectively.The qualitatively assessed environmental concentrations ranged from ND to 33231 ng·L^(-1),ND to 28830μg·kg^(-1)(based on dry mass),ND to 6.38μg·kg^(-1)(based on dry mass)and 93 to 872 ng·L^(-1).The median values of environmental concentrations of nonylphenol in freshwater,freshwater sediment,soil were 353 ng·L^(-1),525.24μg·kg^(-1)(based on dry mass)and 1.86μg·kg^(-1)(based on dry mass),respectively.Discharge from sewage treatment plants in Guangdong Province is the main route through which nonylphenol enters the environment.Based on historical monitoring data from 2002 to 2015,the risk characterization ratio of some samples in freshwater and freshwater sediments is greater than 1.In view of the large uncertainty caused by the time span of historical monitoring data,it is recommended to continue to pay attention to the environmental risks of nonylphenol,carry out further research on the current situation,and take relevant measures when necessary.