合成纳米材料对神经系统的影响

Effects of Engineered Nanomaterials on Nervous System

合成纳米材料具有独特的物理化学特性,在能源、电子、食品、农业、环境科学、化妆品和医药等领域都得到广泛应用,与此同时其安全性也受到了广泛关注。体内和体外模型研究已报道合成纳米材料能够穿过或绕过血脑屏障,进入中枢神经系统,造成神经损伤。本文总结了合成纳米材料产生毒性的影响因素,进入中枢神经系统的途径以及诱导神经毒性的分子机制,包括氧化应激、DNA损伤、炎症、自噬和凋亡的诱导以及DNA甲基化等。通过系统地综述合成纳米材料神经毒性研究进展,并对该研究方向进行展望,为进一步深入研究合成纳米材料神经毒性提供参考。

Due to their unique physicochemical properties,engineered nanomaterials have been widely used in various fields,including energy,electronics,food and agriculture,environmental science,cosmetics,and medicine,etc.In the meantime,much attention has been paid on the safety of engineered nanomaterials.Recently,in vivo and in vitro studies have proven that engineered nanomaterials can cross or bypass the blood-brain barrier and then access the central nervous system,causing neurotoxicity.In this paper,the pathway of engineered nanomaterials crossing the central nervous system(CNS),the neurotoxicity and potential molecular mechanisms of engineered nanomaterials,as well as the effect of engineered nanomaterials physicochemical properties on the toxicity have been summarized.Herein,the potential mechanisms includes oxidative stress,DNA damage,inflammation,autophagy,apoptosis and DNA methylation.The remarkable research progress and perspectives are highlighted in this review,boosting further in-depth neurotoxicity research of engineered nanomaterials.