人力资本投资对城乡收入差距的影响--基于我国省际面板门槛的证据

Analysis of Impact of Human Capital Investment on Urban-rural Income Gap--Based on Evidence of Panel Thresholds in 31 Provinces in China

我国正处于经济转型的关键时期,缩小城乡收入差距、扩大人力资本积累对于我国经济可持续发展,实现社会稳定与经济高质量发展有着重要意义。人力资本不仅对经济发展起到积极推动作用,同时也对提高居民收入水平产生积极的影响。基于教育、健康及劳动力流动三个人力资本投资视角,选取我国2007—2019年31个省(市、自治区)的统计数据,通过面板门槛模型的基础回归、异质性检验、稳健性检验及固定效应模型分别对全样本和不同区域的人力资本投资对城乡收入差距影响进行全面分析。研究结果发现:从整体上看我国城乡居民人力资本投资相对差距的扩大会显著拉大城乡收入差距,并且存在显著的非线性关系;从不同区域上看,城乡人力资本投资对城乡收入差距的影响会随不同区域而有所不同。

China is in the critical period of economic transformation,narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas,expanding the accumulation of human capital for China's sustainable economic development,social stability and high-quality economic development is of great significance.Human capital not only plays a positive role in promoting national economic development,but also has a positive impact on improving residents' income level.In this paper,from the aspects of education,health and labor mobility three human capital investment perspective,select the statistical data of 31 provinces from 2007 to 2019 through the panel threshold model regression,heterogeneity inspection,robustness,and the basis of the fixed effects model respectively to the entire sample and different parts of the human capital investment effect on the income gap between urban and rural areas to conduct a comprehensive analysis.The results show that,on the whole,the expansion of human capital investment gap between urban and rural residents will significantly increase the urban-rural income gap,and there is a significant non-linear relationship;From the perspective of different regions,the impact of urban and rural human capital investment on urban-rural income gap will be different with different regions.