糖尿病视网膜病变中视网膜内皮细胞功能障碍的研究进展

Research progress on retinal endothelial cell dysfunction in diabetic retinopathy

视网膜内皮细胞(REC)是参与糖尿病视网膜病变和许多眼部疾病的主要细胞类型之一。视网膜微血管系统有助于血-视网膜屏障的维持,这对正常的视功能至关重要。REC的改变在视网膜疾病的发生发展中起着关键作用。高血糖是糖尿病微血管损伤的重要原因,通过不同的机制导致REC功能障碍,包括向衰老表型改变、迁移和增殖能力增强、炎性凋亡等,最终导致无细胞毛细血管及病理性新生血管形成。本文对糖尿病视网膜病变中REC的功能障碍作一综述。

Retinal endothelial cells(REC) are one of the main cell types involved in diabetic retinopathy and many other ocular diseases. The retinal microvascular system contributes to the protection of the blood-retinal barrier, which is essential for normal visual function. REC changes play a key role in the development of retinal diseases. Hyperglycemia is an important cause of microvascular injury in diabetes, which leads to REC dysfunction through various mechanisms, including phenotypic changes to senescence, enhanced migration and proliferation, and inflammatory apoptosis, and ultimately results in acellular capillaries and pathological neovascularization. This paper reviews the REC dysfunction in diabetic retinopathy.