不同叶片结构烤烟化学成分的差异

Chemical compositions in flue-cured tobacco of different leaf structures

为明确不同叶片结构烤烟化学成分的差异,以云烟85为材料,利用近红外光谱法测定了不同叶片结构样品的常规化学成分、多酚物质、有机酸及21种氨基酸的质量分数。结果表明,随叶片结构由紧密到疏松:①总植物碱和总氮的质量分数呈降低趋势,还原糖和总糖的质量分数及总糖/总植物碱比值、总氮/总植物碱比值呈升高趋势;②绿原酸质量分数在尚疏松至疏松的变化过程中显著降低;芸香苷质量分数、多酚总量呈先升高后降低趋势;③丙二酸、十四酸、亚油酸、二十酸的质量分数在尚疏松至疏松的变化过程中显著降低;乙酰丙酸的质量分数在尚疏松至疏松的变化过程中显著升高;④脯氨酸、天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺、丙氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、4-氨基丁酸、色氨酸、组氨酸、苯丙氨酸、苏氨酸、半胱氨酸、酪氨酸、精氨酸、赖氨酸、甘氨酸和亮氨酸的质量分数及氨基酸总量逐渐下降。

In order to clarify the differences in chemical compositions in domestic flue-cured tobacco of different leaf structures,the mass fractions of conventional leaf chemical components,polyphenols,organic acids and 21 amino acids in Yunyan 85 tobacco samples of different leaf structures were determined with near-infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that with the leaf structures from compact to loose,1)the mass fractions of total alkaloids and total nitrogen decreased,while the mass fractions of reducing sugars and total sugars and the ratios of total sugars/total alkaloids and total nitrogen/total alkaloids increased;2)the mass fraction of chlorogenic acid significantly reduced from relatively loose to loose,the mass fraction of rutin and the total amount of polyphenols increased first and then decreased;3)in the process of changing from relatively loose to loose,the mass fractions of malonic acid,tetradecanoic acid,linoleic acid and eicosanoic acid significantly decreased,while the mass fraction of levulinic acid significantly increased;4)the mass fractions of proline,asparagine,glutamine,alanine,serine,glutamic acid,4-aminobutyric acid,tryptophan,histidine,phenylalanine,threonine,cysteine,tyrosine,arginine,lysine,glycine and leucine,and the total amount of amino acids decreased gradually.