农业动物肠道类器官研究进展

Recent Advances in Intestinal Organoids of Farm Animals

由干细胞自组建形成的肠道类器官(Intestinal organoids,IOs)是一种新兴的体外研究模型。这种多功能细胞组成的有机复合体能够高度模拟肠上皮组织,因此被广泛应用于肠道营养学、生理学、毒理学、病理学和药理学研究。近十年来,猪、鸡、牛、羊和兔等农业动物肠道类器官培养体系相继建立,有望成为推动营养素及功能性饲料添加剂活性评价和药物筛选及畜禽肠道疾病机制解析的新平台。文章简要概述IOs的结构和来源,重点结合实验室十年来开展猪肠道干细胞研究的工作经验,归纳总结农业动物IOs培养体系组成及其应用,旨在为IOs技术的应用推广提供指导。

Intestinal organoids(IOs)grown from stem cells have emerged as 3D organotypic models ex vi⁃vo.This organic complex composed of multifunctional cells is able to highly mimic the intestinal epitheli⁃al tissue and is therefore widely used in studies of intestinal nutrition,physiology,toxicology,pathology,and pharmacology.In the past decade,the IOs culture technologies have been established for farm ani⁃mal such as pig,chicken,cattle,sheep,and rabbit,which are expected to become a new platform to pro⁃mote the activity evaluation of nutrient and functional feed additive,drug screening,as well as the mecha⁃nism analysis of intestinal diseases in livestock and poultry.This review briefly outlined the IOs struc⁃ture,combined with the laboratory work experience in porcine intestinal stem cell research,and summa⁃rized the culture system composition of farm animal IOs and its application,which could provide guid⁃ance for the promotion of IOs technology.