驿路唐诗边域书写中的中原中心叙事

The Central Plains Centralism in the Frontier Writing of Tang Dynasty Post Road Poetry

先秦儒家经典文本中的中原中心主义表现为强调“中国”的正统地位和对“夷狄”的排斥。唐代文化观念开放,视夷狄为兄弟,不排斥四夷,但中原中心的观念并没有消退。在驿路唐诗的边域书写中,唐代诗人以中原中心为比照,写出了走向边域对中原士人内心的冲击:一是耳闻目睹的环境差异带来的异域感觉使士人体味到的与中原中心的疏离;二是远离熟悉的人际关系之后所带来的陌生、寂寞、恐惧和孤独;三是抛荒置远后因理想与现实的巨大差异而导致的强烈的心理落差。由于中原中心所起的作用,诗人们在边域书写中更多关注他们所不适应的自然环境和文化氛围,从而给唐诗描写带来了陌生美、狞厉美、感伤美,形成了唐诗边域书写与一向被认可的高华爽朗的唐诗主基调不一样的风格。

The central plains centralism in the classical texts of Confucianism in the pre-Qin period is manifested in the emphasis on the orthodox status of“China”and the rejection of“barbarians”.The cultural concept of the Tang Dynasty was open,regarding the barbarians as brothers and not excluding the four barbarians,but the concept of the center of the central plains did not abdicate.In the frontier writing of post road Tang poetry,the poets of the Tang Dynasty took the central plains centralism as a reference,and wrote about the impact of going to the frontier on their hearts:first,the alien feeling brought by the environmental differences that they heard and witnessed made the scholars feel alienated from the central plains;second,the strangeness,loneliness,fear and loneliness caused by far away from familiar interpersonal relationships;the third is the strong psychological gap caused by the huge difference between ideal and reality.Because of the central plains centralism,the poets paid more attention to the natural environment and cultural atmosphere that they could not adapt to in the border writing,which brought strange beauty,ferocious beauty and sentimental beauty to the description of Tang poetry,and formed a style that was different from the main tone of Tang poetry,which had always been recognized as high and bright.