投资效率和生产成本对供应商生产策略选择的影响

Effects of investment efficiency and production cost on supplier’s production strategy selection

针对供应商关于只研发但不生产关键部件和不仅研发且生产该部件两种生产策略的选择问题,构建一个上游供应商和一个下游制造商组成的供应链博弈模型,在制造商不分担和分担供应商研发投资成本两种情形下,分析研发投资效率和关键部件的生产成本对供应商生产策略选择的影响.研究表明:如果关键部件生产成本较低,则供应商选择既研发又生产该部件的策略.如果关键部件生产成本较高,当研发投资效率较高时,则供应商选择既研发又生产该部件的策略,当研发投资效率较低时,则供应商选择只研发但不生产该部件的策略.此外,成本分担提高了供应商和制造商的收益,但是没有改变供应商关于关键部件生产策略的选择.

A supply chain game model,which consists of an upstream supplier and a downstream manufac-turer,is established in order to discuss the supplier’s choice of production strategies between developing but not producing the key component and developing and producing the component.The effects of research and development investment efficiency and production cost of key components on supplier’s production strategy selection are analyzed under the condition that the manufacturer does not share and shares the supplier’s re-search and development investment cost respectively.The results show that if the production cost is low,the supplier chooses to develop and produce the component.If the production cost is high,the supplier chooses to develop and produce the component when the investment efficiency is high,and chooses to develop but not to produce when the investment efficiency is low.In addition,cost sharing can improve the profits of both the supplier and the manufacturer,but cannot change the supplier’s choice of production strategy.