小腿摆放位置对航空座椅乘员损伤的影响研究

Effect of Lower Leg Position on Damage to Aircraft Seat Occupants

在飞机坠撞事故中,乘员采取合理的坐姿能有效降低冲击伤害。为了分析水平16g(g为加速度)动态冲击下小腿摆放位置对乘员损伤的影响,以某型三联航空旅客座椅为研究对象,建立双排航空座椅/乘员约束系统有限元模型,并开展全尺寸滑台试验以验证模型准确性。结果表明:在相同工况下,50百分位假人采用小腿后曲的坐姿与小腿直立坐姿相比,降低了股骨损伤和颈部损伤,但增加了头部损伤;95百分位假人采用小腿直立的坐姿与小腿前伸坐姿相比,降低了股骨损伤,但头部损伤和颈部损伤增加。研究结果可为不同体型乘员采用相对更安全的坐姿提供参考。

In an aircraft crash, the occupants can effectively reduce impact injuries by adopting a reasonable sitting position. In order to analyze the effect of lower leg position on the injury of occupants under horizontal 16g(g is the acceleration)dynamic impact, a type of triple aircraft passenger seat was taken as the research object, and a finite element model of repetitive aircraft seats/occupant restraint system was established, with a full-scale sled test was carried out to verify the accuracy of the model. The results show that the femur and neck injury of the 50percentile anthropomorphic test device(ATD) using the lower leg after position is reduced, but the head injury is increased, under the same working conditions when compared with the lower leg vertical position. For the 95percentile ATD with the lower leg vertical position, the femur injury is reduced but the neck injury is increased compared with those of the lower leg forward position. The research results provide a reference for a relatively safer sitting position for occupants of different sizes.