城镇化的微观健康效应——户籍转变对农业转移人口健康的影响

The Micro-health Effects of Urbanization—The Research on the Impact of Household Registration Change on the Health of Rural Migrant Population

基于2016年和2018年两期中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)数据,运用Order Probit模型和Probit模型考察户籍转变对18~59岁农业转移人口超重肥胖、抑郁倾向和自评健康的影响,利用倾向值匹配进行稳健性检验。结果发现户籍转变降低了农业转移人口BMI偏瘦和正常的概率,提高了其BMI超重和肥胖的概率;户籍转变在10%的显著水平上降低了农业转移人口抑郁倾向的概率,对自评健康无显著影响;稳健性检验显示结果稳健。异质性分析发现户籍转变对高年龄、低受教育程度和低收入农业转移人口超重肥胖的正向效应更强,对低受教育程度人口抑郁倾向的负向效应更强。影响机制初步分析发现户籍转变会通过提高农业转移人口的生活满意度和收入提高其超重肥胖风险,会通过提高其收入降低抑郁风险。基于此,政府推动城镇化过程中应当注重户籍转变带来的健康负面影响,提高农业转移人口健康素养,加强健康教育,缩小城乡居民的健康差距。

To examine the effects of registered rural residents transformation to registered urban residents or unified resident household registration on the health of rural migrant population.Based on data from the 2016 and 2018 edi⁃tions of the China Labor-Force Dynamics Survey(CLDS),the effects of household registration change on overweight/obesity,depressive tendencies,and self-rated health of the rural migrant population aged 18~59 were analyzed using Order Probit and Probit models,and robustness tests were conducted using propensity scale matching(PSM).The mar⁃ginal effects of Order Probit models showed that the household registration change reduced the probability of lean and normal and increased the probability of overweight and obesity in the rural migrant population;the marginal effects of Probit models showed that the household registration change reduced the probability of depressive tendency in the rural migrant population at the 10%significance level and had no significant effect on self-rated health;the robustness test showed that the results were robust.Further analysis revealed that the positive effect of household registration change on overweight and obesity was stronger for the high age,low education and low income rural migrant population,and the negative effect on depression tendency was stronger for the low education population.A preliminary analysis of the impact mechanism found that household registration change would increase the risk of overweight and obesity by in⁃creasing the life satisfaction and income of rural migrant population,and decrease the risk of depression by increasing their income.Household registration change increases the risk of overweight and obesity and decreases the risk of de⁃pression among the rural migrant population,and there are differences in the effects on the health of the rural migrant population with different characteristics,so that the process of urbanization should focus on improving the health litera⁃cy of the rural migrant population and reducing the negative health effects caused by urbanization.