CSCL研究30年:研究取向、核心问题与未来挑战——基于《计算机支持的协作学习国际手册》的要点分析

CSCL Research in Thirty Years: Research Orientation, Core Issues and Future Challenges——Analysis of Key Points Based on the International Handbook of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning

计算机支持的协作学习(CSCL)是学习科学的重要研究领域。2021年,由全球90余位国际知名研究者共同参与编写的《计算机支持的协作学习国际手册》正式出版。这既是对CSCL从1989年肇始至今整整30年发展的首次系统回顾,也是对CSCL理论与实践研究的高度凝练和概述,标志着CSCL研究开始走向成熟。经过30年的发展,在理论和技术的相互塑造和相互驱动下,CSCL研究已经形成了基本理论、协作学习过程、协作学习支持技术以及研究方法四个方面的研究取向,并围绕如何理解理论基础的多样性和构建其融合关系、如何认识与组织协作学习过程、如何设计与利用技术促进协作学习、如何理解与构建研究方法系统等核心问题,展开了多角度深刻的探讨。然而随着互联网的发展,在面向下一代全真互联网的学习环境中,CSCL研究还需构建适应复杂理论发展的理论体系,探索面向生态系统的协作学习过程框架,开发技术与理论融合发展的协作学习系统,创建符合协作学习特征的研究方法系统模型,以适应新时代的在线协作学习需求。

Computer-supported collaborative learning(CSCL) is an important research field of learning science. The International Handbook of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning has been officially published in2021, which is compiled jointly by more than 90 well-known researchers around the world. The handbook is the first systematic review of the development of CSCL in the past 30 years after its inception in 1989, which is a highly concise overview of the theoretical and practical research on CSCL, marking the maturity of CSCL research. Through30 years’ development, CSCL research has formed four research orientations including basic theories, collaborative learning processes, supporting technologies and research methods by the mutual shaping and driving of theory and technology. Their core issues were deeply discussed from multiple perspectives, such as how to understand the diversity of theoretical bases and build their integration relationship, how to understand and organize the collaborative learning process, how to design and use technology to promote collaborative learning, how to understand and establish a research methodology system and so on. However, with the development of the Internet,CSCL research also needs to adapt to needs of the online collaborative learning in the learning environment of next-generation complete reality of Internet in the new era, including building a theoretical system that adapts to the development of complex theories, exploring the framework of collaborative learning process oriented to the ecosystem, developing a collaborative learning system that integrates technology with theory, and creating a research method system model that conforms to the characteristics of collaborative learning.