早期鼻咽癌外周血EB病毒相关分子诊断标志物研究进展

Status of EB virus-related molecular biomarkers in peripheral blood for the early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

鼻咽癌(NPC)源自鼻咽部粘膜上皮细胞,是最常见的头颈部恶性肿瘤之一,与之发病相关的危险因素包括遗传易感性、EB病毒(EBV)感染和环境因素等。NPC是一种放疗敏感的癌症,但大多数NPC患者多在晚期时才被确诊,治疗后局部和远处复发在很大程度上导致了这些患者的癌症特异性死亡。在过去的十年中,NPC的外周血游离分子诊断标志物检测技术取得了重大进步,特别是EB病毒相关分子诊断标志物的检测促进了这种致命疾病的早期诊断,本文就该问题的最新研究进展综述如下。

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)originates from nasopharyngeal mucosal epithelial cells and is one of the most common head and neck malignancies. Risk factors associated with its pathogenesis include genetic susceptibility,Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection,and environmental factors. NPC is a radiosensitive cancer,but most NPC patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage,and local and distant recurrences after treatment largely contribute to cancer-specific death in these patients. In the past decade,significant progress has been made in the detection of free molecular diagnostic markers in peripheral blood of NPC,especially the detection of Epstein-Barr virus-related molecular diagnostic markers has facilitated the early diagnosis of this deadly disease. This review summarizes the recent advances in the detection of NPC.