试论信息整合技术对现代战争攻守力量对比的影响

On the Influence of Information Integration Technology on the Balance of Attack and Defensive Forces in Modern War

攻击与防御乃是人类战争中的一对永恒的矛盾。《孙子兵法》认为攻难守易。在现代信息整合技术出现的背景下,这一古老的军事理论结论是完全可以得到重新表述与印证的。换言之,从信息整合成本的角度看,攻击方本来就比防御方处在相对不利的位置。而随着大量信息采集平台(如卫星、便携式雷达、无人机与手机)与“通用军事行动展示图”/“协调化战术展示图”技术的出现,现代信息整合技术无论在信息的多样性与信息整合的统一性方面,都有了长足的进步。在这种情况下,防御方本来就具有的战术战略优势非但不会被减少,而且还会被放大,甚至由此促进防御方军事管理层次的扁平化,并最终提高其战场反应速度。这一点同时意味着在高度信息化的作战背景下,进攻方若要实现自己的战术战略目的,就需要消耗比防御方更多的军事资源与准备时间,并因此承担更高的军事风险。

Attack and defense are a pair of eternal contradictions in human war. Sunzibingfa believes that it is difficult to attack and easy to defend. In the context of the emergence of modern information integration technology, this ancient military theoretical conclusion can be completely restated and confirmed——in other words, from the perspective of information integration cost, the attacker is already in a relatively unfavorable position than the defender. With the emergence of a large number of information collection platforms(such as satellites, portable radars, unmanned aerial vehicles and mobile phones),“general military action display map”and“coordinated tactical display map” technology, modern information integration technology has made great progress in both the diversity of information and the unity of information integration. In this case, the original tactical and strategic advantages of the defender will not be reduced, rather they will be amplified, even promote the flattening of the defender’s military management level, and ultimately improve its battlefield response speed. This also means that in the context of highly information-based operations, the attacker needs to consume more military resources and preparation time than the defender if he wants to achieve his tactical and strategic goals, and thus bear higher military risks.