新型农业经营主体融合发展与农户多维生计提升——基于政策势能集聚分析框架的实证研究

Integrated Development of New-type Agricultural Business Entity and Multidimensional Livelihood Improvement of Farmers:An Empirical Study Based on the Analysis Framework of Policy Potential Energy Concentration

有效提升农户多维生计水平是脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴有效衔接的必然要求。文章在建构政策势能集聚分析框架基础上提出新型农业经营主体融合发展典型样态和相关假设,利用问卷调查数据并应用二元Logistic、多元线性回归加以检验。结果表明:(1)新型农业经营主体融合发展对农户多维生计提升作用限于一般农户和建档立卡脱贫经营户,而在脱贫非经营户中并没有发现其显著作用。(2)与新型农业经营主体建立组织化联结者多为脱贫户或脱贫非经营户,建立要素化联结者多为一般农户或脱贫经营户,并且不论是组织化还是要素化集聚都向一般农户或脱贫经营户倾斜。(3)相较于组织化政策势能联结,要素化政策势能联结对脱贫户多维生计提升有着更为一致的效应。(4)多维生计剥夺指数与组织化势能联结指向性成正比,而与要素化势能集聚性成反比。研究认为,在脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴进程中尽管可能存在路径依赖式的政策对象选择倾向,但通过提升农户与新型农业经营主体势能联结的组织化、要素化水平,可以实现新型农业经营主体多元融合发展与农户多维生计提升的理想格局。

Effectively promoting the multidimensional livelihood of farmers is an inevitable requirement for the effective connection between poverty alleviation and Rural Revitalization. On the basis of the analysis framework of policy potential energy concentration, the paper puts forward the typical patterns and relevant hypotheses of the integrated development of the new-type agricultural business entities, and uses the questionnaire survey data and applies binary logistic and multiple linear regression to test the relevant hypotheses. The results show that: (1) The role of the integrated development of new-type agricultural business entities is limited to ordinary farmers and those who set up files to get rid of poverty in terms of the promotion of the multidimensional livelihood of farmers,and has no significant role in the nonbusiness households who get rid of poverty. (2) Most of the people who establish the organizational connection with the new-type agricultural business entities are poverty relief households or poverty relief non-business households,and most of the people who establish the element connection are ordinary farmers or poverty relief business households,and both the organizational and element aggregation are inclined to ordinary farmers or poverty relief business households. (3)Compared with the potential energy connection of organizational policy,the potential energy connection of element policy has a more consistent effect on the promotion of multidimensional livelihood households. (4) The directivity of organizational potential energy connection is inversely proportional to the degree of multidimensional livelihood deprivation, while the concentration of elemental potential energy is inversely proportional to the multidimensional livelihood deprivation. The study believes that: In the process of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization,although there may be a path dependent policy object selection tendency,the ideal pattern of diversified and integrated development of farmers and new-type agricultural operators can be realized by improving the organization and element level of potential energy connection between farmers and new-type agricultural operators.