心脏移植术后患者出院准备度现状及其影响因素研究

Study on the Status Quo and Influencing Factors of Discharge Readiness of Patients after Heart Transplantation

目的观察心脏移植术后患者出院准备度现状及其影响因素研究。方法将在我院近期(2019年1月至2022年1月)收治心脏移植术后患者总计33例作为研究对象,收集患者相关信息,分析患者出院准备度现状及相关影响因素。结果人口社会学资料中患者在性别、居住方式、家庭人均月收入和医疗费用支付方式方面比较无显著差异(P>0.05),而在年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、工作状态方面比较有显著差异(P<0.05)。治疗相关情况中患者在住ICU天数、出院原因、疾病发病情况方面比较无显著差异(P>0.05),而在住院天数、合并症和服用药物种类方面比较,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄(≥31岁)、婚姻状况(已婚)、文化程度、工作状态、住院天数、服用药物种类是影响心脏移植术后患者出院准备度的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论在心脏移植术后患者中,年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、工作状态、住院天数和服用药物种类均是影响心脏移植术后患者出院准备度的危险因素。

Objective To observe the status of discharge readiness of patients after heart transplantation and study its influencing factors.Methods A total of 33 patients after heart transplantation will be treated in our hospital in the near future(January 2019 to January 2022).The relevant information of patients will be collected,and the status quo of patients'discharge readiness and related influencing factors will be analyzed.Results In the demographic and sociological data,there were no significant differences in gender,living style,per capita monthly family income,and medical expense payment methods(P>0.05),but there were significant differences in age,marital status,educational level,and work status(P<0.05).Univariate analysis of patients'readiness for hospital discharge showed that there was no significant difference in the number of days in ICU,reasons for discharge,and disease incidence(P>0.05).The days of hospitalization,comorbidities and the type of drugs taken were the influencing factors of the patient's readiness for discharge(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age(≥31 years old),marital status(married),educational level,working status,length of hospital stay,and type of medication were the risk factors affecting the discharge readiness of patients after heart transplantation,with significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion Among the patients after heart transplantation,age,marital status,educational level,working status,length of hospital stay,and type of drugs are the risk factors affecting the discharge readiness of patients after heart transplantation.